Pali masukulu abwino kwambiri azamalamulo ku Italy ndipo izi ndizotheka chifukwa dziko lino limasewera ndi mayunivesite akale kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mayunivesite awa adakhazikitsidwa kwambiri m'zaka za zana la 11. Chifukwa cha izi, ali ndi zaka masauzande ochita bwino m'maphunziro osiyanasiyana.
Ophunzira ochokera kumayiko ena amalandiridwa kwambiri ku Italy chifukwa mayunivesite ake ambiri amavomereza kufunikira kwa kusiyanasiyana komanso kuzindikira zachikhalidwe ndi mapulogalamu awo a Chingerezi pamitengo yotsika mtengo poyerekeza ndi mayunivesite ambiri aku Western.
Mapangidwe azamalamulo ku Italy akutsatira lamulo laupandu, lachiwembu komanso loyang'anira. Kupeza digiri ya zamalamulo m'dziko lolankhula Chiitaliyali ndikogwirizana ndi mayiko ambiri aku Europe. Wophunzira ayenera kumaliza kuzungulira koyamba, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti Bachelor's degree (LL.B.). Izi zikutsatiridwa ndi kuzungulira kwachiwiri, digiri ya Master (LL.M.), ndipo potsiriza Ph.D.
Popanda kuchedwa, tifotokoza masukulu 15 apamwamba kwambiri azamalamulo ku Italy.
M'ndandanda wazopezekamo
Maphunziro 15 Abwino Kwambiri ku Italy
1. University of Bologna
Madigiri operekedwa: LL.B., LL.M., Ph.D.
Location: Bologna.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Pagulu.
Yunivesite ya Bologna ndi sukulu yamalamulo yabwino kwambiri ku Italy, ndipo imadziwikanso kuti yunivesite yakale kwambiri Kumadzulo, yomwe yakhalapo kuyambira zaka za zana la 11 mu 1088.
Pakadali pano, pali madipatimenti 32 ndi masukulu asanu omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi aphunzitsi 2,771. Sukulu ya zamalamulo ili ndi masukulu 5 omwe ali ku Bologna, Cesena, Ravenna, Rimini, ndi Forlì ndi ophunzira 87,758 omwe amaphunzira m'masukulu onsewa. Chaka chilichonse, yunivesite imapanga omaliza maphunziro 18,000.
Sukulu ya zamalamulo ndi yabwino kwambiri ku Italy ndipo imapereka kuzungulira kwa 1st ndi 2nd, komwe kumadziwikanso ngati pulogalamu ya bachelor's and master's.
Kutalika kwa phunziro la 1st cycle ndi zaka zitatu, zomwe zimatsatiridwa ndi 2nd cycle kapena digiri ya master kwa zaka ziwiri ndi 120 ECTS. Wophunzira aliyense ali ndi njira ina yophunzirira digiri imodzi kapena iwiri, digiri yoyamba ndi masters. Pambuyo pomaliza maphunziro a LL.B. ndi LL.M. mapulogalamu, wophunzira akhoza kutenga Ph.D. kwa zaka zitatu, pomwe olembetsa ochepa okha ndi omwe amasankhidwa kuti achite nawo.
2. Sant'Anna School of Advanced
Malamulo operekedwa: LL.B., LL.M., Ph.D.
Location: Pisa, Italy.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Zachinsinsi.
Sukuluyi idakhazikitsidwa mchaka cha 1785 ndi Grand Duke Peter Leopold waku Lorraine, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies ndi sukulu ina yapamwamba yamalamulo ku Italy. Pali masukulu 6 omwe ndi: The Bio-robotics Institute, Institute of Law, Politics, and Development, Institute of Economics, Institute of Management, Institute of Life Sciences, ndi Institute of Communication, Information and Perception Technologies.
College of Law imapereka Digiri ya Master mu Law (njira imodzi) m'malo mwake kukhala ndi pulogalamu yosinthana ndi ophunzira ndi mayunivesite otchuka padziko lonse lapansi, kupita kumisonkhano yayikulu ndi maphunziro apadera, komanso kutenga nawo gawo pamaphunziro ndi makampani olemekezeka padziko lonse lapansi.
Ponena za Ph.D. mu Chilamulo, nthawiyi ndi ya zaka 3, kuyang'ana pazamalamulo achinsinsi, malamulo aku Europe, malamulo oyendetsera dziko, malamulo ndi chilungamo chaupandu, komanso chiphunzitso chazamalamulo. Palinso maphunziro ophunzirira omwe amapezeka kwa ophunzira asanu ofunika pafupifupi USD 18,159 gross pachaka.
3. Sapienza Yunivesite ya Roma
Madigiri operekedwa: LL.M., Ph.D.
Location: Roma.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Pagulu.
Bungwe lakale lomwe lakhala ndi zaka zoposa 700 zothandizira pa kafukufuku, sayansi, ndi maphunziro, Sapienza University of Rome imadziwika kuti ndi yunivesite yoyamba ku Ulaya, yomwe ili ndi ophunzira 113,500, omwe ali ndi ophunzira pafupifupi 9,000 apadziko lonse, ndi maprofesa 3,300.
Pali maphunziro ambiri okhala ndi mapulogalamu opitilira 280-degree, mapulogalamu 200 aukadaulo, komanso pafupifupi 80 Ph.D. mapulogalamu. Amapereka maphunziro, malipiro aulere kwa ophunzira apamwamba, komanso kuchotsera kwapadera komwe kulipo kwa abale omwe adalembetsa ku yunivesite.
Digiri Yawo ya Master in Law Single Cycle ndi ya zaka 5 zomwe zimakhala ndi maphunziro ofunikira kwa oweruza monga malamulo aboma ndi achinsinsi, malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi, malamulo ammudzi, malamulo ofananiza, ndi malamulo aku Europe. Pali atatu a Ph.D. mapulogalamu: Malamulo a Boma; Pagulu, Lamulo Lofananitsa ndi Padziko Lonse; ndi Chilamulo cha Chiroma, Chiphunzitso cha Malamulo a Malamulo, ndi Lamulo Lachinsinsi Pamisika. Ochepa okha ndi omwe amasankhidwa kutenga nawo mbali, pafupifupi ophunzira 13 pamaphunziro aliwonse.
4. European University Institute
Madigiri operekedwa: LL.M., Ph.D
Location: Florence, Italy.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Pagulu.
European University Institute (EUI) ndi yachinayi pamndandanda wathu wamasukulu apamwamba kwambiri azamalamulo ku Italy ndipo ndi bungwe lapadziko lonse lapansi lophunzitsa ndi kafukufuku wapadziko lonse la udokotala lokhazikitsidwa ndi mayiko omwe ali mamembala a European Union.
Idakhazikitsidwa mu 1977 ndipo mkati mwa dipatimentiyi, Academy of European Law (AEL) imapereka maphunziro apamwamba achilimwe mu Human Rights Law ndi EU Law. Imayang'aniranso ntchito zofufuza ndikuyendetsa pulogalamu yofalitsa.
EUI Law Department ikugwirizananso, ndi Harvard Law School, Summer School on Law and Logic. Sukulu yachilimweyi idakhazikitsidwa ku 2012 ndipo imathandizidwanso ndi CIRSFID-University of Bologna (Italy), University of Groningen (Netherlands), European Academy of Legal Theory, ndipo ili ndi thandizo kuchokera ku Erasmus Lifelong Learning Program.
5. University of Milan
Madigiri operekedwa: LL.M., Ph.D.
Location: Milan, Italy.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Pagulu.
Chotsatira pamndandanda wathu wamasukulu apamwamba kwambiri azamalamulo ku Italy ndi Yunivesite ya Milan, yomwe idapangidwa mu 1924 ndi Luigi Mangiagalli, dotolo komanso dokotala wamayi. Zida zinayi zoyambirira zomwe zidapangidwa zinali zaumunthu, zamalamulo, sayansi yakuthupi ndi zachilengedwe, zamankhwala ndi masamu. Pakadali pano, yunivesite iyi ili ndi magulu 11 ndi masukulu, madipatimenti 33.
A Faculty of Law amatenga ulemu muzochita zawo zambiri zomwe adazipeza zaka zambiri m'munda, ndi maphunziro ndi ma internship m'makhothi, makampani azamalamulo, mabungwe azamalamulo, ndi mabungwe olumikizana. Ndi chidziwitso cha chidziwitso chapadziko lonse lapansi, sukulu yamalamulo imaperekanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Chingerezi.
Master's Degree Programme in Law ndi maphunziro azaka zisanu, omwe amatsata malamulo adziko lonse komanso apadziko lonse lapansi. Ndi maphunziro a 300-ECTS, opereka maphunziro apadera pakukwaniritsa akatswiri azamalamulo. Ophunzira azitha kupeza digirii iwiri akamaliza maphunzirowo. Sukulu ya Postgraduate School of Legal Professions imapereka maphunziro kwa zaka ziwiri, ndipo Chitaliyana ndi chinenero chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa. Kuti athe kulowa nawo pulogalamuyi, wophunzirayo ayenera kupambana mayeso agulu omwe amatsutsana.
6. Yunivesite ya LUISS
Madigiri operekedwa: LLB, LLM
Location: Roma, Italy.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Zachinsinsi.
Libera Università Internazionale Degli Studi Sociali "Guido Carli", yemwe amadziwika ndi dzina loti "LUISS", ndi yunivesite yodziyimira payokha yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1974 ndi gulu la amalonda lotsogozedwa ndi Umberto Agnelli, m'bale wa Gianni Agnelli.
LUISS ili ndi masukulu anayi osiyanasiyana: imodzi ku Viale Romania, ina ku Via Parenzo, ina ku Villa Blanc, ndipo yomaliza ku Viale Pola ndipo Ili ndi ophunzira 9,067.
Dipatimenti ya zamalamulo imapeza chizungulire chimodzi chazaka zisanu pa pulogalamu yophatikiza ya bachelor's and master's degree in Law.
Lamulo la Yunivesite ya LUISS, Digital Innovation and Sustainability imakonzekeretsa akatswiri muzatsopano - makamaka, ophunzira omwe ali ndizamalamulo kapena oyang'anira - ali ndi njira zofunika kutanthauzira kusintha kwa digito ndi chilengedwe mdera lachuma komanso chuma, kuwapatsa malo olimba azamalamulo omwe ali ofanana. amphamvu interdisciplinary, utsogoleri ndi luso luso.
7. University of Padua
Madigiri operekedwa: LL.B., LL.M., Ph.D.
Location: Padua, Italy.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Pagulu.
Yunivesite yokhazikitsidwa ndi ophunzira mchaka cha 1222, Yunivesite ya Padua ikadali imodzi mwasukulu zakale kwambiri komanso zapamwamba kwambiri ku Europe.
Monga imodzi mwasukulu zabwino kwambiri zamalamulo ku Italy, digiri yochokera ku yunivesite ya Padua imapatsa ophunzira mwayi chifukwa imavomerezedwa ndi omwe adzakhale olemba anzawo ntchito. Law School imapereka maphunziro ndi maphunziro m'makampani, mabungwe aboma, kapena makampani azamalamulo ku Italy kapena kunja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwasukulu zabwino kwambiri zamalamulo ku Italy.
8. Yunivesite ya Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
Madigiri operekedwa: LLM
Location: Milan, Italy.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Zachinsinsi.
Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1921, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Yunivesite Yachikatolika ya Sacred Heart) ndi bungwe lopanda phindu lopanda phindu lomwe limayikidwa m'matauni a metropolis ya Milano.
Mphamvu yazamalamulo idakhazikitsidwa mu 1924 - imodzi mwamayunivesite oyamba ku Yunivesite - imalemekezedwa kwambiri ku Italy chifukwa chodzipereka pakukonzekera luso, luso, komanso luso lapadera, chifukwa cha digiri ya kafukufuku wake wasayansi, chifukwa cha maphunziro ake apamwamba, ndi chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kuzindikira, kulimbikitsa ndi kuyamikira kuyenera kwa ophunzira.
9. Yunivesite ya Naples - Federico II
Madigiri operekedwa: LLB, LLM, Ph.D
Location: Ku Naples.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Pagulu.
Kupanga kukhala pamndandanda wathu wamasukulu apamwamba kwambiri azamalamulo ku Italy ndi University of Naples. Sukuluyi idakhazikitsidwa mu 1224, ndipo ndi yunivesite yakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yosagwirizana ndi magulu, ndipo tsopano ili ndi madipatimenti 26. Anali maphunziro apamwamba apamwamba ku Ulaya amene anapatsidwa ntchito yophunzitsa anthu ogwira ntchito ku utsogoleri ndipo ndi imodzi mwasukulu zakale kwambiri zamaphunziro zomwe zikugwira ntchito mpaka pano. Federico II ndi yunivesite yachitatu ku Italy ndi chiwerengero cha ophunzira omwe adalembetsa, koma mosasamala kanthu za kukula kwake, ikadali imodzi mwasukulu zabwino kwambiri ku Italy komanso padziko lonse lapansi, yodziwika kwambiri pakufufuza.
Dipatimenti ya zamalamulo imapereka digiri ya bachelor muzamalamulo ndipo imapezedwa pambuyo pa zaka 3 zophunzira (mkombero umodzi) ndipo pulogalamu ya digiri ya masters ndi bwalo limodzi la zaka 4.
10. University of Padova
Madigiri operekedwa: LLB, LLM, Ph.D
Location: Padua, Italy.
University Type: Pagulu.
Yunivesite ya Padua (Chiitaliya: Università Degli Studi di Padova, UNIPD) ndi sukulu yaku Italy yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1222 ndi gulu la ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi ochokera ku Bologna. Padua ndi yunivesite yachiwiri yakale kwambiri mdziko muno komanso yunivesite yachisanu padziko lonse lapansi yomwe ilipo. Mu 2010 yunivesiteyo inali ndi ophunzira pafupifupi 65,000 mwa anthu ena. Mu 2021 idavotera "yunivesite yabwino kwambiri" pakati pa masukulu ena aku Italy omwe ali ndi ophunzira opitilira 40,000 malinga ndi Censis Institute.
Dipatimenti ya zamalamulo yakuyunivesite iyi imapereka malamulo apagulu, malamulo achinsinsi, ndi malamulo a European Union.
11. Yunivesite ya Rome "Tor Vergata"
Malamulo operekedwa: LLM
Location: Roma.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Pagulu.
Yunivesite ya Rome Tor Vergata idakhazikitsidwa mu 1982: chifukwa chake, ndi yunivesite yachichepere poyerekeza ndi mayunivesite ena mdziko muno.
Yunivesite ya Rome Tor Vergata imapangidwa ndi Sukulu za 6 (Economics; Law; Engineering; Humanities ndi Philosophy; Medicine ndi Opaleshoni; Masamu, Fiziki, ndi Sayansi Yachilengedwe) zomwe zimapangidwa ndi Madipatimenti 18.
Sukulu ya Malamulo ku yunivesite ya Tor Vergata ya ku Rome imapereka pulogalamu imodzi ya digiri ya masters imodzi ndi maphunziro a digiri ya Sciences of Administration ndi International Relations. Njira yophunzitsira imagogomezera kusiyanasiyana.
12. University of Turin
Degree yoperekedwa: LLB, LLM, Ph.D
Location: Turin.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Pagulu.
Yunivesite ya Turin ndi imodzi mwasukulu zakale komanso zodziwika bwino, Italy ilinso ndi imodzi mwasukulu zabwino kwambiri zamalamulo ku Italy. Ili ndi ophunzira pafupifupi 70.000 omwe adalembetsa nawo. Yunivesite iyi imatha kuonedwa ngati "mzinda-mumzinda", womwe umalimbikitsa chikhalidwe ndikupanga kafukufuku, luso, maphunziro, ndi ntchito.
Dipatimenti ya zamalamulo ili ndi mphamvu pazamalamulo achinsinsi, malamulo a EU, malamulo ofananirako, ndi magawo ena ofananirako ndipo madigiri onse ndi ofanana ndikusamutsidwa ku Europe konse, ndipo omaliza maphunziro a dipatimenti yazamalamulo amachita m'malo angapo otsogola ku Europe.
Dipatimentiyi imaperekanso maphunziro a digiri yachidule omwe amakhala zaka zitatu.
13. University of Trento
Degree yoperekedwa: LLB, LLM
Location: Trento, Italy.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Pagulu.
Yunivesite ya Trento idakhazikitsidwa ku 1962 ndipo nthawi zonse yakhala ikuyesetsa kupanga mgwirizano komanso kuyanjana bwino ndi mabungwe ndi mabungwe aku Italy ndi akunja. M'chaka cha 1982, yunivesite (mpaka nthawiyo yachinsinsi) inakhala pagulu, ndi lamulo lomwe linkatsimikizira kudzilamulira.
Bungwe la Law Faculty of Trento limapereka Digiri ya Bachelor mu Comparative, European, and International Legal Studies (CEILS), yophunzitsidwa kwathunthu mu Chingerezi.
CEILS ipatsa ophunzira ake chidziwitso chambiri chapadziko lonse lapansi komanso maphunziro ophatikizana, malamulo aku Europe, mayiko, ndi mayiko. Mogwirizana ndi machitidwe ena azamalamulo adziko, zigawo za malamulo aku Italy zidzaphunzitsidwa mkati mwa European, kufananitsa, ndi mayiko ena.
Pomaliza, ophunzira a CEILS amapatsidwa mwayi wofunsira mapulogalamu a internship m'mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi. Kuchuluka kwa gulu la ophunzira kumathandizira kudzipereka kwawo pakuphunzira ndikukulitsa kulumikizana kwawo ndi zikhalidwe zina. Maphunziro a CEILS amaphunzitsidwa ndi aphunzitsi aku Italy ndi akunja, omwe ali ndi kafukufuku wambiri komanso wophunzitsa ku Trento ndi kunja.
14. Bocconi University
Madigiri operekedwa: LLB, LLM, Ph.D
Location: Milan, Italy.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Zachinsinsi.
Yunivesite ya Bocconi inakhazikitsidwa ku Milan m'chaka cha 1902. Bocconi ndi imodzi mwa mayunivesite abwino kwambiri a ku Italy ochita kafukufuku ndipo ilinso ndi imodzi mwasukulu zabwino kwambiri zamalamulo ku Italy. Amapereka mapulogalamu apadziko lonse lapansi mubizinesi, zachuma, ndi malamulo. Università Bocconi ili ndi Sukulu ya Maphunziro Omaliza, Sukulu Yomaliza Maphunziro, Sukulu ya Malamulo, ndi Ph.D. Sukulu. SDA Bocconi amapereka mitundu itatu ya madigiri a MBA ndipo chinenero chomwe amaphunzitsa ndi Chingerezi.
Sukulu ya zamalamulo ndi kuphatikiza miyambo yomwe inalipo kale mu maphunziro azamalamulo ku Yunivesite ya Bocconi motsogozedwa ndi "A. Sraffa” Institute of Comparative Law.
15. University of Parma
Madigiri operekedwa: LLB, LLM, Ph.D
Location: Parma.
Mtundu wa Yunivesite: Pagulu.
University of Parma (Chiitaliya: Università degli Studi di Parma, UNIPR) ndi yunivesite yapagulu ku Parma, Emilia-Romagna, Italy.
Yunivesite ili ndi madipatimenti okwana 18, maphunziro 35 a digiri yoyamba, maphunziro asanu ndi limodzi a digiri imodzi, maphunziro a digiri yachiwiri 38. Ilinso ndi masukulu ambiri omaliza maphunziro, maphunziro a aphunzitsi omaliza maphunziro, madigiri angapo a masters ndi ma research doctorates (PhD).
Mwachidule, kuphunzira zamalamulo ku Italy sikungophunzitsa komanso kumakupangitsani kukhala ndi mwayi chifukwa madigiri awo ndi ovomerezeka padziko lonse lapansi komanso kumakupatsani mwayi wophunzira chilankhulo chimodzi cholemekezedwa padziko lonse lapansi, ndikukuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi luso pantchitoyo.
Pali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa zomwe muyenera kudziwa za mayunivesite aku Italy, kuphatikiza mayunivesite otsika mtengo zopezeka mdziko muno. Ingodinani ulalo kuti muwadziwe.