Abantu kwihlabathi liphela bebejonge izibonelelo zobunzima koomama abangenamaqabane kunye nendlela abanokufikelela kuzo ukuze baphile kula maxesha anzima alawulayo ngoku.
Iigranti zizibonelelo zemali ezinikezelwa ngurhulumente ikakhulu (iziko labucala/abantu ngabanye banokunika izibonelelo nabo) ukunceda abantu abarhola kancinci. Kodwa phambi kokuba siqhubele phambili sidwelise ezimbalwa zezi zibonelelo, kukho imibuzo edla ngokubuzwa ngoomama abangenamaqabane omtshato kwimiba ephathelele izibonelelo kunye nendlela yokufaka isicelo senkxaso-mali eqhubekayo.
Le mibuzo siza kuyiphendula kweli nqaku.
Njengokuba uninzi lwezibonelelo ezidweliswe apha zibhekiselele kurhulumente wase-US, oko akuthethi ukuba ezo zibonelelo azikho kumazwe ethu. Benza kwaye banokuthiywa elinye igama kumazwe anjalo.
Kwakhona, ukufaka izicelo okanye ukuxhamla kwinkxaso-mali ayikuphela kwendlela efumanekayo koomama abangenamaqabane kwiimeko zeengxaki zemali. Kukho ezinye iinketho abanokukhetha kuzo kwaye siza kudwelisa ezi zikhetho kwakhona kweli nqaku.
Isiqulatho
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga neZibonelelo Zobunzima Koomama Abangatshatanga
1. Ndingalufumana phi uncedo njengoMama ongatshatanga?
Unokufaka isicelo senkxaso-mali ye-Federal ekhoyo kunye nezinye izibonelelo zengingqi. Ezi zibonelelo zikunceda ukuba uhlawule amatyala akho kwaye wonge imali kwiirhafu zakho.
2. Kwenzekani Ukuba Andifanelekanga Ngezibonelelo?
Ukuba awufanelekanga ukufumana izibonelelo, oko kuthetha ukuba uphakathi kwabo bamkela imali eninzi ukuze bafaneleke okanye urhola “okwaneleyo nje” ukuze ufumane izibonelelo ezifana nezitampu zokutya kodwa “kancinane kakhulu” ukuba ungaphila ngenyanga nganye.
Ukuba uwela kulo naluphi na udidi lwezi, unako, kwimeko yobunzima bemali, uqhagamshelane neecawe zakho zasekuhlaleni, imibutho. imibutho yesisa kunye nemibutho yasekuhlaleni ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba banakho na ukunika uncedo lwexeshana.
Ukucofa u-2-1-1 ukuze ufumane uncedo ngokutya, indawo yokuhlala, ingqesho, ukhathalelo lwempilo, iingcebiso, okanye nanini na ufuna uncedo lokuhlawula amatyala akho kunokuba lukhetho olulungileyo lokusebenzisa. Nceda uqaphele ukuba, inkonzo ye-2-1-1 ifumaneka 24/7.
Ukongeza, uninzi lwezi zibonelelo zikarhulumente zoomama abangatshatanga zezexeshana, ngoko ke ukuthembela kubo bodwa akuyonto ilungileyo – endaweni yoko, zama ukuzimela ukuze ukwazi ukuxhasa usapho lwakho uwedwa.
3. Ngaba uMama Oyedwa angalufumana uncedo ngononophelo lwasemini?
Oomama abangenamaqabane omtshato banokulufumana olo ncedo besebenzisa inkqubo yeTyala loMntwana kunye nabaXhomekekileyo kwityala lerhafu onokulifumana kwimbuyekezo yerhafu yengeniso.
UFikelelo kuNonophelo loMntwana kuthetha iNkqubo yaBazali kwiNkqubo yesiKolo (CCAMPIS) inceda oomama abangenamaqabane omtshato abafuna imfundo nabadinga iinkonzo zononophelo lwabantwana.
4. Umntu angasifaka njani isicelo seSibonelelo
Okokuqala, kufuneka wazi ukuba ukulungele na ukufumana esi sibonelelo ofuna ukusifaka isicelo. Ukufaneleka kumalunga nosapho lwakho okanye imeko yakho yezemali.
Nje ukuba uhlangabezane nemeko yemali efunekayo, ke mhlawumbi imeko yendawo yokuhlala inokufuneka ijongwe. Kukhuseleke ngakumbi ukukhangela izibonelelo ezinjalo ezifumanekayo kwilizwe ohlala kulo.
Ukuba uhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno, ngoko kufuneka ulandele inkqubo edweliswe phantsi kwifomu yesicelo. Oku ungakufumana kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yesibonelelo okanye iofisi yendawo.
Uluhlu lweZibonelelo zoBunzima kooMama abangatshatanga
1. Federal Pell Grant
IPel Grant yeyona nkqubo yoncedo lwabafundi inkulu eMelika. Ibonelela ngezibonelelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-6,495 yeedola kubafundi abasweleyo ukuba baye ekholejini.
Esi sibonelelo sisekelwe kwiimfuno sinika oomama abangenamaqabane omtshato abanemivuzo emincinane ithuba “lokubuyela esikolweni” baze baphinde baqalise ukusebenza. Awudingi ukuyibuyisela le mali kuba isimahla.
Inyathelo lokuqala omawulithathe xa ufaka isicelo seSibonelelo sePell kukugcwalisa iSicelo saSimahla seFederal Student Aid (I-FAFSA). Umhla wokugqibela wokungeniswa nguJuni 30 ngonyaka ngamnye okanye kwangoko ngo-Oktobha 1 owandulela unyaka ofuna uncedo ngawo.
2. Isibonelelo soMbutho weNkxaso ye-Federal Supplemental Opportunity Grant
Oku kuyafana neSibonelelo sikaPell, iFSEOG njengoko sibizwa njalo, luhlobo lwenkxaso-mali eyongezelelweyo enikwa abafundi “abanesidingo esikhulu” soncedo lwemali njengoko kumiselwe yi-FAFSA.
Okuphambili kunikwe abo banelona galelo liphantsi lilindelekileyo loSapho (EFC) kunye nabo baxhamle okanye abaxhamlayo ngoku kwi-Pell Grant.
Abafundi abafanelekileyo banokunikwa izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo naphi na phakathi kwe-$100 kunye ne-$4,000 ngonyaka ngokusekelwe kubunzima beemfuno zabo kunye nokufumaneka kwengxowa-mali.
3. ISibonelelo soMsebenzi we-Federal
Federal Work-Study (FWS) yinkqubo yoncedo lwemali exhaswa ngurhulumente enika abafundi abanomzali omnye indlela yokufumana imali ngokwenza umsebenzi wesingxungxo kwikhampasi okanye ngaphandle kwekhampasi, ubukhulu becala kwicandelo lokufunda abalikhethileyo.
Aba bafundi banokusebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-20 ngeveki kwaye bafumane intlawulo yenyanga ngokusekelwe kumvuzo weyure, abanokuthi bawusebenzise kwiindleko zemfundo.
Nangona kunjalo, olu khetho luya kusebenza kuphela ukuba wena (umzali) uneendleko ezincinci zokuhlala kwaye unenkxaso yosapho ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho zokunakekela umntwana.
4. Uncedo lwethutyana kwiintsapho ezihlwempuzekileyo (TANF)
I-TANF yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yenethi yokhuseleko kwiintsapho ezinengeniso ephantsi kakhulu. Eyona njongo yayo iphambili kukunceda olu hlobo lweentsapho ukuba lukwazi ukuzimela ngokudityaniswa koncedo lwemali lwexeshana elifutshane kunye namathuba omsebenzi.
Zimbini iindidi zezibonelelo zeTANF. Zezi nkxaso-mali “zomntwana kuphela” kunye “nosapho”.
Izibonelelo zomntwana kuphela, zenzelwe ukuqwalasela kuphela iimfuno zomntwana. Esi sibonelelo sikholisa ukuba ncinane kunezibonelelo zosapho, malunga ne-$8 ngosuku kumntwana omnye.
Uhlobo lwesibini lwesibonelelo se-TANF “sisibonelelo sosapho. Uninzi luthatha esi sibonelelo njengesona sibonelelo silula ukusifumana.
Ibonelela ngemali encinci yemali ngenyanga yokutya, impahla, indawo yokuhlala kunye nezinye izinto eziyimfuneko - ukuya kuthi ga kwithuba leminyaka emi-5, nangona kukho imida yexesha elifutshane kumazwe amaninzi.
Umama ongatshatanga ongaphangeliyo, onabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-19 ubudala, ukulungele ukufumana esi sibonelelo. Nangona kunjalo, umamkeli kufuneka athathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yomsebenzi ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-20 ngeveki.
5. Imali-mboleko ye-Federal Student
Kumama ongatshatanga ofuna uncedo olungaphaya kwesibonelelo sikaPell ukuze abuyele esikolweni, kuya kufuneka afake isicelo semali-mboleko yabafundi - nokuba ixhaswa okanye ayixhaswa. Zidla ngokubonelelwa njengenxalenye yephakheji yoncedo lwemali iyonke.
Nangona olu lolona hlobo luncinci lunqwenelekayo loncedo lwezemali, imali-mboleko yomfundi we-federal ivumela umama ongatshatanga ukuba aboleke imali ekholejini ngenzala ephantsi kuneemali-mboleko ezininzi zabucala. Olunye uncedo lwale mali mboleko kukuba ukwazi ukurhoxisa intlawulo yenzala de ube ugqibile.
Njengoncedo oluninzi lwabafundi, kuya kufuneka uqale wenze isicelo se FAFSA.
6. UkuNcediswa kweCash Cash (DCA)
I-Diversion Cash Assistance (DCA), ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Emergency Cash Assistance. Ibonelela ngolunye uncedo koomama abangenamaqabane omtshato ngamaxesha kaxakeka. Idla ngokuba yintlawulo yexesha elinye endaweni yezibonelelo zemali ezandisiweyo.
Iintsapho ezifanelekileyo zinokufumana isibonelelo sexesha elinye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,000 yeedola ukujongana nongxamiseko okanye ingxaki encinci. Le mali inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubuzaza bengxaki yezemali.
7. Inkqubo yokuNcedisa iSondlo (SNAP)
Injongo yeSNAP, eyayifudula ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yeSitampu sokuTya, kukubonelela ngezidlo ezifikelelekayo nezinempilo kwezona ntsapho zisweleyo, uninzi lwazo zinemivuzo ephantsi.
Kwabaninzi baseMelika abahluphekayo, iSNAP iye yaba lolona hlobo loncedo lwengeniso abalufumanayo.
Olu ncedo luza ngohlobo lwekhadi ledebhithi (EBT) apho umamkeli anokuthi asebenzise ukuthenga izinto zegrosari nakweyiphi na ivenkile ethatha inxaxheba ekwindawo ezingqongileyo.
Ngaba unaso isidingo sokufaka isicelo seNkqubo yoNcedo lweSondlo (SNAP)? Kuya kufuneka ufumane ifom ekufuneka uyigcwalise kwaye uyibuyisele kwi-ofisi ye-SNAP ekufutshane, nokuba uye ngokwakho, ngeposi, okanye ngefeksi.
8. Inkqubo yabaseTyhini, iintsana nabantwana (WIC)
I-WIC yinkqubo yesondlo exhaswa ngemali ngurhulumente ebonelela ngokutya okunempilo kwasimahla kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, oomama abatsha kunye nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-5, abanokuthi "basengozini yesondlo".
Yinkqubo yexesha elifutshane, apho abamkeli bafumana izibonelelo iinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kunyaka. Emva kokuba ixesha liphelile, kufuneka baphinde bafake isicelo.
Ngenyanga, abafazi abakwinkqubo bafumana i-$ 11 ngenyanga ngeziqhamo kunye nemifuno entsha, ngelixa abantwana bafumana i-$ 9 ngenyanga.
Ukongeza, kukho i-105 yeedola ezongezelelweyo ngenyanga kumama ongatshatanga onabantwana ababini.
Ukufaneleka kugqitywa ngumngcipheko wesondlo kunye neengeniso eziwela ngaphantsi kwe-185% yenqanaba lentlupheko kodwa kwiindawo ezininzi, okuphambili kuya kunikwa abamkeli be-TANF.
9. Inkqubo yoNcedo lokuKhathalelwa koMntwana (CCAP)
Le nkqubo ixhaswa ngemali ngokupheleleyo sisiBonelelo soPhuhliso lwaBantwana, i-CCAP. Yinkqubo elawulwa ngurhulumente enceda iintsapho ezinemivuzo ephantsi zihlawulele ukunyanyekelwa kwabantwana ngoxa zisebenza, zikhangela umsebenzi okanye zisiya esikolweni okanye ziqeqeshwa.
Iintsapho ezifumana uncedo lononophelo lwabantwana zifunwa ngamazwe amaninzi ukuba zenze igalelo kwiindleko zabo zokhathalelo lwabantwana, ngokusekwe kwisikali somrhumo osilayidiweyo olungiselelwe ukubiza iintlawulo ezihlangeneyo eziphezulu kwiintsapho ezinomvuzo ophezulu.
Nceda uqaphele ukuba izikhokelo zokufaneleka ziyahluka ngokwelizwe ukuya kwelinye kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, umvuzo wakho akufuneki ube mkhulu kunomda womvuzo obekwe yimeko ohlala kuyo.
10. UFikelelo kuNonophelo lwaBantwana kuthetha iNkqubo yaBazali eSikolweni (CCAMPIS)
Nasi esinye isibonelelo sobunzima esiza kwindawo yeshumi kuluhlu lwethu. UFikelelo lweNkathalelo yoMntwana kuthetha ukuba Abazali kwiNkqubo yeSikolo, yinkqubo yenkxaso-mali kuphela yomanyano ezinikele ekuboneleleni ngononophelo lwabantwana ekhampasini kubazali abafumana umvuzo ophantsi kwimfundo yamabanga aphakamileyo.
I-CCAMPIS ijonge ukunceda abazali abangabafundi abafumana umvuzo ophantsi abafuna uncedo lokukhathalelwa abantwana ukuze bahlale besesikolweni baze baphumelele isidanga sasekholejini. Abafaki-zicelo bahlala bebaninzi ngoko ke kuya kufuneka ungene kuluhlu lokulinda.
Izicelo ziqwalaselwe ngoncedo lononophelo lwabantwana ngenkxaso-mali yeCCAMPIS ngokwezi zinto zilandelayo: ubume bokufaneleka, umvuzo wemali, imfuno, izibonelelo, kunye namanqanaba egalelo losapho.
11. ISebe lezeMali leZindlu noPhuhliso lweDolophu (i-HUD)
Eli sebe linoxanduva loncedo lwezindlu ngeevawutsha zezindlu zeCandelo 8, inkqubo ejoliswe kubantu abarhola kancinci kakhulu. Ii-arhente zezindlu zoluntu zasekuhlaleni zisasaza ezi vawutsha zisetyenziselwa ukuncedisa ekubhataleni irenti kwizindlu ezihlangabezana nobuncinci bemigangatho yezempilo nokhuseleko.
Umvuzo wabafaki-zicelo akufuneki udlule kwi-50% yomvuzo womzi ophakathi kwindawo abafuna ukuhlala kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, ama-75% abo bafumana uncedo banemivuzo engagqithiyo kwi-30% yendawo ephakathi. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe malunga nesi sibonelelo, qhagamshelana nee-arhente zezindlu zoluntu zasekuhlaleni okanye i-ofisi ye-HUD yasekuhlaleni.
12. INkqubo ePhantsi yeNcedo lwaMandla eNgeniso
Iindleko zoncedo zisenokuba yingxaki kwabanye oomama abangenamaqabane. Kodwa awufanelanga ukhathazeke ukuba unalo mba kuba, uncedo lwamandla asekhaya anengeniso ephantsi yinkqubo ebonelela ngenkxaso yemali kumakhaya anengeniso ephantsi.
Le nkxaso yemali yinxalenye yetyala lenyanga elisetyenziswayo elihlawulwa ngokuthe ngqo kwinkampani eluncedo ngale nkqubo. Ke wena njengomama ongatshatanga unokufaka isicelo sesi sibonelelo ukuba umvuzo wakho awugqithi kuma-60% omvuzo ophakathi.
13. Inkqubo ye-Inshurensi yezeMpilo yaBantwana
Iinshorensi yezempilo yabantwana sesinye isibonelelo sobunzima esifumanekayo ukunceda oomama abangenamaqabane. Ngaphantsi kwale nkqubo, abantwana abangakhuselwanga ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eyi-19 baya kufumana i-inshurensi yezempilo. Le nkqubo ilungiselelwe abo bangenako ukuthenga ukhuseleko lwabucala. Le inshorensi ibandakanya oku kulandelayo: utyelelo lukagqirha, ugonyo, amazinyo, nophuhliso lwamehlo. Le nkqubo isimahla kwaye oomama abangatshatanga banokufaka isicelo sale nkqubo.
14. Inkqubo yoNcedo lwemozulu
Uncedo lwemozulu yenye inkqubo elungileyo enceda abantu abafumana imivuzo ephantsi, kulo mzekelo oomama abangenamaqabane. Ngokuqinisekileyo, udla amandla amancinci ngenxa yokuba uxhomekeke kumthombo wendalo wamandla. Ngaphantsi kwale nkqubo, oomama abadala kunye nabangatshatanga abanabantwana bafumana indawo yokuqala. Xa umvuzo wakho ungaphantsi kwe-200% yentlupheko, uya kufaneleka ukufumana olu ncedo.
15. I-Inshurensi yeMpilo yeMedicaid yabahluphekileyo
Oomama abangenamaqabane omtshato ngokuqinisekileyo banemivuzo ephantsi yaye abanakukwazi ukuthenga nayiphi na i-inshorensi yezonyango. Kule meko, esi sibonelelo sibonelela ngoncedo lwemali kwiintsapho ezinemivuzo ephantsi kunye nomama abangenamaqabane ngokunjalo. I-Medicaid yeyabantu abahlupheka kakhulu kunye nabantu abadala. Ke, le Medicaid inokuba lolunye ukhetho olulungileyo koomama abangenamaqabane ukuba bafumane uncedo lwezonyango simahla.
Iindawo Oomama Abangatshatanga banokuHlela uNcedo lwezeMali ecaleni kweZibonelelo ze-Federal
1. Inkxaso yoMntwana
Njengomama ongenaqabane, usenokungayigqali ngokukhawuleza inkxaso yabantwana njengomthombo woncedo. Kuba amaxesha amaninzi, iintlawulo azihambelani okanye azifani kwaphela. Kodwa lo ngumthombo woncedo obalulekileyo ekufuneka uwufune kuba njengomama ongatshatanga, ukuze uxhamle kweminye imithombo karhulumente yoncedo. Le yenye yokufaneleka ayinguye wonke umama ongatshatanga owaziyo.
Oku kungenxa yokuba urhulumente ufuna iqabane lakhe lezemali lifake isandla ngokwezimali phambi kokuba anike naluphi na uhlobo loncedo. Lo ngowona mthombo ulungileyo woncedo lwemali kumama ongatshatanga.
2. Abahlobo kunye neentsapho
Ngoku, usapho kunye nezihlobo lolunye udidi lwabantu ekungafanelanga ukuba bangahoywa ngamaxesha obunzima. Basenokukulungela ukukunceda woyise umqobo wokwexeshana, onjengokuhlawulela imoto okanye ukulungiswa kwendlu ungalindelanga okanye bakuncede unyamekele umntwana wakho ngoxa usenza umsebenzi wesibini okanye unciphisa inyameko yabantwana.
Ukuba abazali bakho basaphila, banokukubonelela ngononophelo olongezelelekileyo lomntwana ngexesha lomsebenzi iiyure ezimbalwa ezongezelelekileyo. Kodwa zonke ezi zinto zikhokelela kubudlelwane obuhle. Kufuneka ube nobudlelwane obuhle nosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo ukuze bakwazi ukukunceda xa ubafuna.
3. Imibutho yoluntu
Asinakuyibetha ngoyaba into yokuba kukho imibutho yasekuhlaleni efana neecawe zasekuhlaleni, imibutho yezenkolo, neeNGOs ezibonelela ngeenkonzo kwabo basweleyo. Ungena nabo kwaye banokukunika uncedo oludingayo okanye bakhombe kwiinkonzo ezongezelelweyo kwindawo yakho. Le yenye yeendawo oomama abangenamaqabane omtshato abanokuthi bazihlele ukuze bafumane uncedo.
4. Izidlo zokutya
Lo ngomnye umthombo woncedo luthungelwano lokubonelela ngokutya kwengingqi. Zikwabizwa ngokuba "ziibhanki zokutya". Indlela esebenza ngayo kukubonelela ngokutya okusisiseko okunje ngepasta, irayisi, imifuno enkonkxiweyo, kunye nezinto zangasese.
Amaxesha amaninzi, iibhanki zokutya zilinganiselwe kwizinto ezingaboliyo, kodwa ezinye zibonelela ngobisi namaqanda. Ngexesha leeholide, iipantries zokutya zinokubonelela ngee-turkeys okanye ihagu ekhenkcezisiweyo.
Ukuququmbela
Oomama abangenamaqabane omtshato akuyomfuneko ukuba babandezeleke ngamaxesha obunzima, kuba ngawo la maxesha abafuna uncedo. Ngethamsanqa kukho izibonelelo ezivela kurhulumente kunye nabantu babucala okanye imibutho evulekele oomama abangenamaqabane. Into ekufuneka uyenzile kukufuna ezi zibonelelo kwaye ufake isicelo. Nangona kunjalo, ungalibali ukufuna uncedo kusapho kunye nabahlobo kwakhona.
