Zininzi ezona zikolo zibalaseleyo zomthetho e-Italiya kwaye oku kwenziwa ukuba kwenzeke ngenxa yokuba eli lizwe lidlala kwiiyunivesithi ezindala emhlabeni. Ezi dyunivesithi ubukhulu becala zasekwa kwasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-11. Ngenxa yoku, banamawaka eminyaka yobuchule kwimfundo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokufunda.
Abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe bamkelwa kakhulu e-Itali njengoko uninzi lweeyunivesithi zalo zivuma ukubaluleka kweyantlukwano kunye nokwazisa ngenkcubeko ngeenkqubo zabo zesiNgesi-eziphakathi ngomrhumo ongabizi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neeyunivesithi ezininzi zaseNtshona.
Ubume bomthetho e-Italiya buthatha emva kolwaphulo-mthetho, umthetho woluntu kunye nowolawulo. Ukufumana isidanga somthetho kweli lizwe lithetha isiTaliyane kunxulumene namazwe amaninzi aseYurophu. Umfundi kufuneka agqibezele umjikelo wokuqala, nokwaziwa ngokuba sisidanga sokuQala (LL.B.). Oku kulandelwa ngumjikelo wesibini, isidanga seMasters (LL.M.), kwaye okokugqibela iPh.D.
Ngaphandle kwe-ado enye, siya kuchaza ezona zikolo zomthetho zibalaseleyo ezili-15 e-Itali.
Isiqulatho
Izikolo ezili-15 eziBalaseleyo zoMthetho e-Itali
1. IYunivesithi yaseBologna
Izidanga ezibonelelwayo: LL.B., LL.M., Ph.D.
Indawo: eBologna.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Uluntu.
IYunivesithi yaseBologna sesona sikolo somthetho sibalaseleyo e-Itali, kwaye yaziwa njengeyona yunivesithi indala eNtshona, ikhona ukusukela ngenkulungwane ye-11 ngo-1088.
Ngoku, kukho amasebe angama-32 nezikolo ezihlanu ezonganyelwa ngabahlohli abangama-2,771. Eli ziko lemfundo lomthetho lineekhampasi ezi-5 eziseBologna, eCesena, eRavenna, eRimini, naseForlì enabafundi abangama-87,758 bebonke abafunda kuzo zonke ezi khampasi. Rhoqo ngonyaka, iyunivesithi ivelisa abafundi abaphumeleleyo abayi-18,000.
Isikolo somthetho sesona sigqwesileyo e-Itali kwaye sibonelela ngomjikelo woku-1 kunye nowe-2, okwavunywa njengeprogram ye-bachelor's kunye ne-master's.
Ubude besifundo somjikelo we-1 yiminyaka emithathu, elandelwa ngumjikelo we-2 okanye isidanga se-master iminyaka emibini kunye ne-120 ECTS. Umfundi ngamnye unenye indlela yokufunda isidanga esinye okanye esiphindwe kabini, isidanga esidityanisiweyo nesidanga seenkosi. Emva kokugqiba iLL.B. kunye neLL.M. iinkqubo, umfundi angathatha iPh.D. iminyaka emithathu, apho abambalwa kuphela abafaki-zicelo abakhethiweyo ukuba bathathe inxaxheba.
2. Isikolo saseSant'Anna seMfundo ePhakamileyo
Imilinganiselo ebonelelweyo: LL.B., LL.M., Ph.D.
Indawo: ePisa, eItali.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Bucala.
Esi sikolo sasekwa ngonyaka ka-1785 nguMthetheli Omkhulu uPeter Leopold waseLorraine, iSant'Anna School of Advanced Studies sesinye isikolo somthetho esiphezulu e-Italy. Kukho amaziko ama-6 angala: The Bio-robotics Institute, The Institute of Law, Politics, and Development, The Institute of Economics, The Institute of Management, The Institute of Life Sciences, kunye The Institute of Communication, Information and Perception Technologies.
IKholeji yoMthetho ibonelela ngeSidanga seMasters kuMthetho (umjikelo omnye) ngenye indlela yokuba nenkqubo yokutshintshiselana ngabafundi kunye neeyunivesithi ezidumileyo kwihlabathi jikelele, ukuya kwiindibano ezikhethekileyo kunye nezifundo, kwaye ikwathatha inxaxheba kuqeqesho kunye neenkampani ezihlonitshwayo kwihlabathi liphela.
Ngokuphathelele kwabo Ph.D. ngokoMthetho, ixesha yiminyaka emi-3, egxile kumthetho wabucala, umthetho waseYurophu, umthetho womgaqo-siseko, umthetho kunye nobulungisa bolwaphulo-mthetho, kunye nethiyori yomthetho jikelele. Kukwakho nezifundo ezifumanekayo kubafundi abahlanu ezixabisa malunga ne-USD 18,159 gross ngonyaka.
3. KwiYunivesithi yaseRoma yaseSapienza
Izidanga ezibonelelwayo: LL.M., Ph.D.
Indawo: ERoma.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Uluntu.
Iziko elidala elineminyaka engaphezulu kwe-700 yegalelo kuphando, isayensi, kunye nemfundo, iYunivesithi yaseSapienza yaseRoma ithathwa njengeyunivesithi yokuqala eYurophu, ngoku inabafundi abayi-113,500, inabafundi abaphantse babe ngama-9,000 bamazwe aphesheya, kunye neenjingalwazi ezingama-3,300.
Zininzi iikhosi ezineeprogram ezingaphezulu kwama-280, iiprogram ezingama-200 zemisebenzi yezandla, kwaye malunga nama-80 Ph.D. iinkqubo. Babonelela ngemali yokufunda, iifizi zokufunda zasimahla kubafundi abagqwesileyo, kunye nesaphulelo esikhethekileyo esifumanekayo kubantakwabo ababhalise eyunivesithi.
Isidanga sabo seMasters kuMthetho Single Cycle seminyaka emi-5 equlathe uqeqesho oluyimfuneko kwigqwetha elinjengomthetho karhulumente nowabucala, umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, umthetho wasekuhlaleni, umthetho wothelekiso, kunye nomthetho waseYurophu. Zintathu iiPh.D. iinkqubo: uMthetho woLuntu; Umthetho woluntu, uthelekiso kunye nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe; kunye noMthetho waseRoma, ithiyori yeeNkqubo zoMthetho, kunye noMthetho waBucala weeMarike. Bambalwa kuphela abakhethiweyo ukuba bathathe inxaxheba, malunga nabafundi abali-13 kwikhosi nganye.
4. IZiko leYunivesithi yaseYurophu
Izidanga ezibonelelwayo: LL.M., Ph.D
Indawo: IFlorence, e-Itali.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Uluntu.
Iziko leYunivesithi yaseYurophu (i-EUI) lelesine kuluhlu lwethu lwezona zikolo zomthetho zibalaseleyo e-Itali kwaye liziko lokufundisa kunye nophando lwasemva kobugqirha lamazwe ngamazwe elisekwe ngamazwe angamalungu e-European Union.
Yasekwa kwi-1977 kwaye ngaphakathi kwisebe, i-Academy yoMthetho waseYurophu (AEL) ibonelela ngezifundo eziphakamileyo zasehlotyeni kuMthetho wamaLungelo oLuntu kunye noMthetho we-EU. Ikwaququzelela iiprojekthi zophando kwaye isebenzise inkqubo yokupapasha.
ISebe loMthetho le-EUI likwasebenzisana, neSikolo soMthetho saseHarvard, iSikolo saseHlobo kuMthetho neNgqiqo. Esi sikolo sasehlotyeni sasungulwa kwi-2012 kwaye sikwaxhaswa yi-CIRSFID-University of Bologna (Italiya), iYunivesithi yaseGroningen (eNetherlands), i-European Academy of Legal Theory, kwaye inesibonelelo esivela kwiNkqubo yokuFunda ye-Erasmus Lifelong Learning.
5. IYunivesithi yaseMilan
Izidanga ezibonelelwayo: LL.M., Ph.D.
Indawo: EMilan, eItali.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Uluntu.
Okulandelayo kuluhlu lwethu lwezona zikolo zibalaseleyo zomthetho e-Italiya yiYunivesithi yaseMilan, eyadalwa ngo-1924 nguLuigi Mangiagalli, ugqirha kunye nogqirha wezifo zabafazi. Amacandelo amane okuqala awadalwa yayingabantu, umthetho, inzululwazi yendalo nendalo, amayeza kunye nemathematika. Okwangoku, le yunivesithi inamaziko ali-11 kunye nezikolo, amasebe angama-33.
IFakhalthi yabo yoMthetho ithatha isidima kubutyebi babo bamava ababewaqokelele kule minyaka idlulileyo endle, ngoqeqesho kunye noqeqesho kwiinkundla, kwiifem zomthetho, kwimibutho yomthetho, nakwimibutho enxibeleleneyo. Ngokuvezwa kwaso kulwazi lwamazwe ngamazwe, isikolo somthetho sikwabonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zesiNgesi.
Inkqubo yesiDanga se-Master's kuMthetho yiminyaka emihlanu, ikhosi yomjikelo omnye egxile kwiinkalo zomthetho zesizwe nezizwe ngezizwe. Yikhosi ye-300-ECTS, enikezela ngoqeqesho olukhethekileyo ekuzalisekiseni ingcali yezomthetho. Abafundi baya kuba nakho ukufumana idanga elinedigri ephindwe kabini xa begqiba ikhosi. ISikolo soBuchwepheshe bezoMthetho sibonelela ngekhosi iminyaka emibini, kwaye isiTaliyane lulwimi olusetyenziswayo ekufundiseni. Ukuze ukwazi ukujoyina inkqubo, umfundi kufuneka aphumelele uviwo lukawonkewonke olunempikiswano.
6. IYunivesithi yaseLUISS
Izidanga ezibonelelwayo: LLB, LLM
Indawo: ERoma, e-Itali.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Bucala.
I-Libera Università Internazionale Degli Studi Sociali "Guido Carli", eyaziwa ngokuba yi-acronym "LUISS", iyunivesithi yabucala ezimeleyo eyasungulwa ngo-1974 liqela loosomashishini abakhokelwa ngu-Umberto Agnelli, umzalwana kaGianni Agnelli.
I-LUISS ineekhampasi ezine ezahlukeneyo: enye iseViale Romania, enye iseVia Parenzo, enye iseVilla Blanc, kunye neyokugqibela eViale Pola kwaye inabafundi abangama-9,067.
Isebe loMthetho lithenga umjikelo omnye weminyaka emihlanu wenkqubo edityanisiweyo yesidanga sokuqala kunye nesidanga semasters kuMthetho.
Umthetho weYunivesithi yeLUISS, iDigital Innovation kunye noZinzo zilungiselela iingcali ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha - kwaye ngakumbi, abafundi abanemvelaphi yezomthetho okanye yolawulo - ngeendlela eziyimfuneko ukutolika iinguqu ezikhoyo ngoku zedijithali kunye ne-ecological kuluntu kunye noqoqosho, ukubabonelela ngomoya oqinileyo osemthethweni ngokulinganayo. ubugcisa obuqinileyo, ulawulo nobugcisa.
7. IYunivesithi yasePadua
Izidanga ezibonelelwayo: LL.B., LL.M., Ph.D.
Indawo: Padua, ElamaTaliyane.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Uluntu.
Iyunivesiti eyasekwa ngabafundi ngonyaka we-1222, iYunivesithi yasePadua isala lelinye lamaziko emfundo amadala kunye nawona adumileyo eYurophu.
Njengesinye sezona zikolo zomthetho zibalaseleyo e-Itali, isidanga esivela kwiDyunivesithi yasePadua sinika abafundi ithuba lokuba samkelwe ngabo baza kuba ngabaqeshi. Isikolo soMthetho sibonelela ngoqeqesho kunye nomsebenzi wokufunda kwiinkampani, kwimibutho yoluntu, okanye kwiifemu zomthetho e-Itali okanye phesheya, oko kusenza esinye sezona zikolo zibalaseleyo zomthetho e-Itali.
8. I-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
Izidanga ezibonelelwayo: LLM
Indawo: EMilan, eItali.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Bucala.
Yasekwa ngo-1921, i-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (iYunivesithi yamaKatolika ye-Sacred Heart) liziko lemfundo ephakamileyo elingenzi ngeniso elibekwe kwindawo yedolophu yemetropolis yaseMilano.
I-faculty yomthetho yasekwa ngo-1924 - enye ye-faculty yokuqala yeYunivesithi - ihlonishwa kakhulu e-Italy ngokuzibophelela kwayo kubugcisa, ubugcisa, kunye nolungiselelo olulodwa, ngenxa yezinga lophando lwenzululwazi, ukufundisa iklasi yokuqala, kunye ngokukwazi kwayo ukuqonda, ukukhuthaza nokuxabisa ukugqwesa kwabafundi.
9. IYunivesithi yaseNaples-Federico II
Izidanga ezibonelelwayo: LLB, LLM, Ph.D
Indawo: ENaples.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Uluntu.
Ukuyenza kuluhlu lwethu lwezona zikolo zomthetho zibalaseleyo e-Itali yiYunivesithi yaseNaples. Esi sikolo sasekwa ngo-1224, kwaye sesona yunivesithi indala kawonke-wonke engakhethi cala ehlabathini, kwaye ngoku senziwe ngamasebe angama-26. Yayiyimfundo ephakamileyo yokuqala eYurophu eyabelwa ukuqeqesha abasebenzi behlabathi kwaye lelinye lawona maziko emfundo amadala aqhutywayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. I-Federico II yiYunivesithi yesithathu e-Italiya ngenani labafundi ababhalisileyo, kodwa nokuba ingakanani na, iseyeyona yunivesithi ibalaseleyo e-Italiya nehlabathi, iphawuleka ngakumbi kuphando.
Isebe lomthetho libonelela ngesidanga somthetho kwaye esifunyanwa emva kweminyaka emi-3 yokufunda (umjikelo omnye) kunye nenkqubo yesidanga se-master's isangqa esinye seminyaka emi-4.
10. Yunivesithi yasePadova
Izidanga ezibonelelwayo: LLB, LLM, Ph.D
Indawo: ePadua, eItali.
KwiYunivesithi uhlobo: Uluntu.
IYunivesithi yasePadua (isiTaliyane: Università Degli Studi di Padova, UNIPD) liziko lezemfundo lase-Italiya eladalwa ngo-1222 liqela labafundi kunye nootitshala base-Bologna. IPadua yiyunivesithi yesibini endala kweli lizwe kunye neyunivesithi yesihlanu endala emhlabeni. Ngo-2010 iyunivesithi ibinabafundi abamalunga nama-65,000 kwabanye abantu. Ngo-2021 inikwe ireyithi yesibini "yeyona yunivesithi igqwesileyo" phakathi kwamanye amaziko emfundo ase-Italiya anabafundi abangaphezu kwama-40,000 ngokweziko le-Censis.
Eli sebe leyunivesithi yezomthetho libonelela ngomthetho woluntu, umthetho wabucala, kunye nomthetho weManyano yaseYurophu.
11. IYunivesithi yaseRoma "iTor Vergata"
Imilinganiselo ebonelelweyo: LLM
Indawo: ERoma.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Uluntu.
IYunivesithi yaseRoma iTor Vergata yasekwa ngo-1982: ke, yiyunivesithi encinci xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iiyunivesithi zeli lizwe.
IYunivesithi yaseRoma iTor Vergata yenziwe ziZikolo ezi-6 (EzoQoqosho; uMthetho; ezoBunjineli; ezoBuntu kunye neFilosofi; amayeza kunye noTyando; iMathematika, iFiziksi, kunye neSayensi yeNdalo) ezenziwe ngamaSebe ali-18.
ISikolo soMthetho kwiDyunivesithi yaseTor Vergata yaseRoma sibonelela ngenkqubo yesidanga senkosi yomjikelo omnye kunye nekhosi yesidanga kwiSayensi yoLawulo kunye noBudlelwane baMazwe ngaMazwe. Indlela yokufundisa igxininisa ukungaqeqesheki.
12. IYunivesithi yaseTurin
Isidanga esibonelelweyo: LLB, LLM, Ph.D
Indawo: eTurin.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Uluntu.
IYunivesithi yaseTurin yenye yeeyunivesithi zakudala nezidumileyo, i-Italiyane kwaye sesinye sezona zikolo zibalaseleyo zomthetho e-Itali. Inabafundi abamalunga nama-70.000 bebonke ababhalise kuyo. Le yunivesithi inokuthathwa njenge "sixeko-ngaphakathi kwesixeko", ekhuthaza inkcubeko kwaye ivelise uphando, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, uqeqesho kunye nengqesho.
Isebe loMthetho linamandla kwiinkalo zomthetho wabucala, umthetho we-EU, umthetho wothelekiso, kunye neenkalo ezinxulumeneyo kwaye zonke izidanga zithelekiseka ngokupheleleyo kwaye zigqithiselwa kwiYurophu iphela, kwaye abafundi abaphumelele kwisebe lomthetho baziqhelanisa nemimandla emininzi ekhokelayo kwiYurophu iphela.
ISebe likwabonelela ngezifundo zesidanga esifutshane ezingumjikelo omnye weminyaka emithathu.
13. IYunivesithi yaseTrento
Isidanga esibonelelweyo: LLB, LLM
Indawo: Trento, eItali.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Uluntu.
IYunivesithi yaseTrento yasekwa ngo-1962 kwaye ibisoloko izabalazela ukwakha umfelandawonye kunye nokusebenza ngokulinganayo kunye namaziko kunye nemibutho yase-Italiyane neyangaphandle. Ngomnyaka we-1982, iYunivesithi (de kube ngoko yabucala) yaba sesidlangalaleni, kunye nomthetho oqinisekisa ukuzilawula.
IFakhalthi yoMthetho yaseTrento ibonelela ngesiDanga sokuQala kuComparative, European, and International Legal Studies (CEILS), efundiswa ngesiNgesi ngokupheleleyo.
I-CEILS iya kubonelela abafundi bayo ngamava abalulekileyo ezizwe ngezizwe kunye nemfundo ebandakanya konke kumthetho wokuthelekisa, waseYurophu, wamazwe ngamazwe kunye nowezizwe ngezizwe. Ngokudibeneyo nezinye iinkqubo zomthetho zelizwe, izinto zomthetho wase-Italiya ziya kufundiswa ngaphakathi kweYurophu, uthelekiso, kunye nesakhelo samazwe ngamazwe.
Okokugqibela, abafundi beCEILS banikwa ithuba lokufaka izicelo zoqeqesho kumaziko ehlabathi. Ubuninzi boluntu lwabafundi buya kuphucula ukuzibophelela kwabo ekufundeni kwaye kondise uqhagamshelwano lwabo nezinye iinkcubeko. Ikharityhulam ye-CEILS ifundiswa ngoonjingalwazi base-Italiya nabamazwe angaphandle, abanoluhlu olubanzi lophando namava okufundisa e-Trento nakwamanye amazwe.
14. KwiYunivesithi yaseBocconi
Izidanga ezibonelelwayo: LLB, LLM, Ph.D
Indawo: EMilan, eItali.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Bucala.
IYunivesithi yaseBocconi yasekwa eMilan ngonyaka ka-1902. I-Bocconi yenye yezona yunivesithi zibalaseleyo zophando zase-Italiya kwaye inesinye sezona zikolo zibalaseleyo zomthetho e-Itali. Ibonelela ngeenkqubo zamazwe ngamazwe kwezoshishino, ezoqoqosho, kunye nomthetho. I-Università Bocconi inesikolo samabanga aphantsi, iSikolo seSidanga, iSikolo soMthetho, kunye nePh.D. Isikolo. I-SDA Bocconi ibonelela ngeentlobo ezintathu zezidanga ze-MBA kwaye ulwimi abazifundisayo sisiNgesi.
Isikolo somthetho kukudityaniswa kwesithethe esele sikhona kwizifundo zomthetho kwiYunivesithi yaseBocconi phantsi kwe-egis ye "A. Sraffa” Iziko lothelekiso loMthetho.
15. IYunivesithi yaseParma
Izidanga ezibonelelwayo: LLB, LLM, Ph.D
Indawo: eParma.
Uhlobo lweYunivesithi: Uluntu.
IYunivesithi yaseParma (ngesiTaliyane: Università degli Studi di Parma, UNIPR) yiyunivesithi yoluntu eParma, Emilia-Romagna, eItali.
Iyunivesithi inamasebe 18 iyonke, 35 izifundo isidanga sokuqala, ezintandathu izifundo isidanga umjikelo omnye, 38 izifundo isidanga yesibini. Ikwanazo nezikolo ezininzi zabasele benezidanga, iikhosi zoqeqesho lootitshala abangekathweswa izidanga, izidanga ezininzi zeemasters kunye nabafundi bezifundo zobugqirha (PhD).
Isishwankathelo, ukufunda ubugqwetha e-Italiyane akwanelanga nje ukufundisa kwaye kukubeka kuncedo njengoko izidanga zabo zamkelekile kwihlabathi liphela kodwa zikunika ithuba lokufunda olunye lweelwimi ezihlonitshwayo kwihlabathi, kwaye kukunceda ukuba ufumane amava endle.
Zininzi izinto ezinomdla ekufuneka uziqwalasele malunga neeyunivesithi zase-Italiya, kubandakanya iiyunivesithi ezitshiphu efumaneka kweli lizwe. Cofa nje ikhonkco ukuze ubazi.