Njengomfundi wamazwe omhlaba, ukufunda ezikoleni ezingcono kakhulu zezokwakha e-US kungaba yinto eyodwa oyidingayo ukuze uzulazule ngomsebenzi wakho wokuba umakhi wezakhiwo uye empumelelweni.
Kodwa-ke, ukufunda ngezokwakha e-United States kunezinselelo eziningi. Inselele enkulu ukuthola ulwazi olufanele.
Noma kunjalo, akungabazeki ukuthi i-United States ingenye yezindawo ezidume kakhulu zokufunda i-Architecture emhlabeni.
Kulesi sihloko, ngizozama ngakho konke okusemandleni ami ukuhlanganisa konke odinga ukukwazi ngokufunda ngezokwakha e-United States, kusukela ekutholeni izikole nokufunda ngezokwakha e-US kuya ekuphileni iphupho laseMelika.
Okuqukethwe
Ufunda i-Architecture e-United States
Ukufunda ngezokwakha e-United States ukuzibophezela okukhulu, ngokwezimali nangesikhathi. Iziqu ezijwayelekile zeminyaka emihlanu zeBachelor of Architecture (BArch), zizokusebenzisa cishe u-$150k. Noma kunjalo, akwenzeki ukuthi ungene esikoleni sezokwakha noma uthole umsebenzi njengomdwebi wezakhiwo ngaphandle kwawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zikhona Izifundo Zengqondo Eziku-inthanethi Ezigunyaziwe. Ungabheka.
Ngaleso sikhathi, i-United States ingelinye lamazwe afunwa kakhulu ngabafundi emhlabeni wonke. Kuyimbiza encibilikayo yamasiko futhi inikeza indlela yokuphila enempilo kubo bonke abahlali bakhona.
Iphinde ibe nohlelo oluhle lwezemfundo oluheha abafundi abavela emhlabeni wonke. ngempela, uma ufuna ukufunda izakhiwo e-United States, unenhlanhla!
Izikole ze-Architecture e-US zinikeza ukuqeqeshwa nemfundo engcono kakhulu kubafundi bazo. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zamadigri ezakhiwo atholakalayo kulabo abazimisele ukufunda lo mkhakha ezingeni eliphakeme lemfundo.
Izifundo ze-architecture eziku-inthanethi zingatholakala kusitifiketi, esibambisene nabo, i-bachelor's, master's, kanye nezinhlelo zeziqu zobudokotela.
Abafundi ababhalise ohlelweni lwezakhiwo ngokuvamile bafunda mayelana nesakhiwo sebhilidi, ukusungula izinto ezintsha, nokusimama.
Ezinye zalezi zinhlelo zihlanganisa namakilasi ebhizinisi ukusiza abafundi ukuthuthukisa amakhono okuphatha. Izinhlelo zezokwakha zibandakanya nezidingo zemfundo ejwayelekile ezinikeza abafundi imfundo ephelele. Ngakho, benzani ngempela abaklami bezakhiwo?
Yini ngempela eyenziwa abadwebi bezakhiwo?
Igama elithi “umdwebi wamapulani” lisuka esiGrekini sasendulo, lapho igama elithi “architekton” lisho umakhi oyingcweti. Umsebenzi wezokwakha uye wavela kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, futhi namuhla uhlanganisa izici zezibalo, i-physics, idizayini, nobuciko ukuze kwakhe isakhiwo noma isakhiwo esisebenza kahle nesikhanga ngobuhle.
I-Architecture iwubuciko nesayensi yokuklama izakhiwo, izakhiwo, nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo. I-Architecture ingelinye lama-majors adume kakhulu e-United States.
Abadwebi bamapulani ngokuvamile baneziqu ze-bachelor kwezokwakha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, labo abafuna ukudlulela ezikhundleni zobuholi bangadinga iziqu. Kwezinye izimo, badinga ilayisense evela esifundeni abasebenza kuso.
Izindawo eziyisikhombisa abaklami bezakhiwo okufanele bazi ngazo ukuze bazijwayeze:
- Umlando kanye nethiyori yezakhiwo
- Izinhlelo zesakhiwo
- Amakhodi nemithethonqubo
- Izindlela zokwakha nezinto zokwakha
- Imishini kanye nezinhlelo zikagesi
- Ukuhlela nokuthuthukiswa kwendawo
- Umkhuba wokwakha.
Izibopho ezijwayelekile ze-Architect
Abadwebi bezakhiwo bangochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe kakhulu abasebenza ukuklama nokuhlela izakhiwo ezifana nezakhiwo, amabhuloho, namahubhu.
Bakha izakhiwo ezisebenzayo ezihlangabezana nezidingo ezinqunywe kusengaphambili. Abadwebi bezakhiwo baphinde bacabangele imithetho yokuphepha yomphakathi, izinqubomgomo zemvelo, nezinye izici.
Nansi eminye yemisebenzi ye-Architect:
- Ukuhlangana namaklayenti ukuqonda izidingo zabo
- Ukulungiselela amamodeli nemidwebo yezakhiwo ezintsha
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokwakha ziyahlangabezana nemithetho yezemvelo
- Ukuxhumana nabasebenzi bokwakha kanye nabanye osonkontileka ngesikhathi sokwakha.
I-Online Architecture Degree Coursework
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, amadigri e-Architecture aku-inthanethi ayatholakala e-United States. Ngeshwa, lokhu akuyona ingxenye ye- Izinhlelo ze-Online Masters Degree ezilula akulula ngendlela obungathanda ngayo. Izifundo zedigri yezokwakha eziku-inthanethi ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lweziqu ezizuziwe. Kodwa-ke, amadigri amaningi wezokwakha adinga amakilasi ekwakhiweni, ekwakhiweni nasekusimameni.
Okulandelayo ezinye zezibonelo zezifundo zeziqu ze-online Architecture degree:
Ubuchwepheshe Bokwakha I no-II: Lezi zifundo zifundisa abafundi ukuthi bangasebenzisa kanjani izinto ezahlukahlukene ohlelweni lokwakha.
Umlando we-Architecture I no-II: Lezi zifundo zihlola umlando wezakhiwo emhlabeni jikelele. Abafundi kulindeleke ukuthi bakhombise ulwazi lwezitayela zezakhiwo. Ukuthi babe nomthelela kanjani ezakhiweni zamanje kuzofundiswa nakulesi sifundo.
Bazophinde bafunde mayelana nemibono yalezi zakhiwo nokuthi kungani zadalwa.
Okufanele ukubheke lapho usesha Isikole Sokwakha
Uma unentshisekelo yokufunda izakhiwo, kufanele ucabangele izici ezahlukahlukene.
Isibonelo, lapho ukhetha inyuvesi, ungahle ufune ukwazi ukuthi sihle kangakanani isikole sezokwakha nokuthi sinabafundi abathile abadumile.
Futhi, ungase ufune ukwazi ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinsiza (imitapo yolwazi, amalabhorethri, njll.) olutholakala onawo.
Ezinye izinto ezibalulekile indawo, imali yokufunda, nezindleko zokuphila.
Okulandelayo, lapho ukhetha inyuvesi yakho yesikhathi esizayo, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlole ukuthi igunyaziwe futhi ibonwa ngu I-NAAB (National Architectural Accrediting Board).
Le nhlangano ihlola zonke izinhlelo zezakhiwo e-United States nase-Canada ukuze inqume ukuthi ziyahlangabezana yini namazinga okugunyazwa noma cha. Imvamisa, ukugunyazwa kwe-NAAB kuyadingeka kubantu abafuna ukusebenza njengomakhi wezakhiwo eNyakatho Melika.
Ukuthola ikolishi elinikeza izifundo zezokwakha. Ungathola lezi zikole ngewebhusayithi yeNational Council of Architectural Registration Boards (NCARB).
Kufanele futhi uhlole nomnyango wakho wezemfundo wombuso ukuze wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi isikole osikhethayo sigunyazwe yi-AIA noma i-NAAB, okuyizinhlangano zikazwelonke zabadwebi bezakhiwo, hhayi nje isikole esithile esingahleliwe esingenakho ukugunyazwa.
Uma usukhethile isikole, udinga ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-NCARB. Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwamahora angu-3 okuhlanganisa izihloko ezifana nomlando wezakhiwo, ithiyori yedizayini nokusebenza, amakhodi wokwakha nemithethonqubo, izimiso zokuziphatha nokuziphatha kochwepheshe, kanye nezinye izihloko ezihlobene nokuba umakhi. Ukuhlolwa kubiza amadola angama-250 futhi kunezinga lokuphasa elilinganiselwa ku-80%.
Uma wehluleka okokuqala, ungakhathazeki! Kunezinsiza eziningi ezitholakalayo ku-inthanethi ezingakusiza ulungiselele lolu hlolo. Isibonelo, uma usesha “ukuhlolwa kwezakhiwo” ku-Google noma ku-Bing, uzothola amawebhusayithi amaningi anemihlahlandlela yokufunda nemibuzo yokuzijwayeza.
Izikole Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokwakha e-United States
Asikho isikole esisodwa 'esingcono kakhulu' sawo wonke umuntu ngoba wonke umuntu unokubaluleka okuhlukile nezinto azithandayo uma kukhulunywa ngemfundo.
Ngokubheka lokho okuhlinzekwa yizikole ezahlukahlukene, kufanele ukwazi ukuthola ehambisana nezidingo zakho nokuncamelayo.
Uma ufuna ukufunda ngezokwakha e-United States, unohlu lwezinketho ongakhetha kuzo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izikole zingcono kunezinye kulo mkhakha wokufunda.
Sizobheka izikole ezihamba phambili zezokwakha e-United States of America ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha esilungele wena.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi asilinganisi isikole ngasinye ngesithunzi saso sonke.
Kunalokho, sibheka ukuthi yiziphi ezinezinhlelo zezakhiwo ezihlonishwa kakhulu. Angase angabi amanyuvesi asezingeni eliphezulu ngokujwayelekile kodwa ahlinzeka ngemfundo yezokwakha esezingeni eliphezulu futhi abanye abaphothule izifundo zabo baye baba abadwebi bezakhiwo abanethonya.
Ngezansi kunethebula elibonisa Izikole Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokwakha Ezingama-20 e-US:
Izikole Eziphezulu Eziyi-10 Zokwakha e-US
Nalu uhlu lwezikole ezihamba phambili ze-Architecture e-United States:
- IYunivesithi yaseCalifornia-Berkeley
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- I-Harvard University
- Cornell University
- Columbia University
- I-Princeton University
- Ilayisi University
- I-Carnegie Mellon University
- Yale University
- IYunivesithi yasePennsylvania.
1. Inyuvesi yaseCalifornia-Berkeley
Lesi yisikole esihle kakhulu sezokwakha e-United States.
Ngo-1868, i-University of California, eBerkeley yasungulwa. Kuyisikhungo sokucwaninga esidlangalaleni eBerkeley esaziwa kakhulu ezikoleni zaseMelika.
Ikharikhulamu yaseNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, eBerkeley, ihlanganisa ukuklama kwemvelo okuyisibopho nezifundo zezakhiwo kanye namathuba ezinhlobonhlobo zezifundo ezizimele.
Ikharikhulamu yabo inikeza isingeniso esiphelele emkhakheni wezokwakha ngezifundo eziyisisekelo kanye nezifundo ezindaweni eziningi.
Idizayini yezakhiwo nokumelela, ubuchwepheshe bezakhiwo nokusebenza kwezakhiwo, umlando wezakhiwo, kanye nomphakathi namasiko zonke izindawo lapho abafundi bengalungiselela khona ukuqeqeshwa ngokukhethekile.
I-2. I-Massachusetts Institute of Technology
UMnyango Wezokwakha e-MIT unekhorasi enkulu yomsebenzi wocwaningo esabalale emikhakheni yawo eyahlukene.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yoMnyango ngaphakathi kwe-MIT ivumela ukujula okwengeziwe emikhakheni efana namakhompyutha, izindlela ezintsha zokuklama nokukhiqiza, izinto zokwakha, ukwakheka, namandla, kanye nezobuciko nobuntu.
UMnyango uzinikele ekugcineni izimiso zobuntu kanye nokuthuthukisa izindima ezamukelekayo zokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo emphakathini.
Yindawo lapho ubuhlakani bomuntu ngamunye bukhuthazwa futhi bukhuliswe khona ngaphakathi kohlaka lwemibono yobuntu, ezenhlalo, kanye nemvelo ekhathalela imvelo.
I-3. I-Harvard University
I-Architecture Studies iwumzila ongaphakathi kwe-Faculty of Arts and Sciences' History of Art and Architecture yabafundi base-Harvard University. Umlando Wezobuciko Nezakhiwo kanye Nesikole Seziqu Zokuklama siyasebenzisana ukuze kulethwe isifundo.
I-Architecture ayihlanganisi nje kuphela izakhiwo zangempela zokusebenza komuntu kodwa futhi nezinqubo eziguquguqukayo ezichaza isenzo somuntu nolwazi, futhi ihlala empambanweni yombono wokudala, ukuqaliswa okungokoqobo, kanye nokusetshenziswa komphakathi.
Ezilungiselelweni zekilasi elivamile kanye nezitudiyo “zokwenza” ezenzelwe lokhu kugcizelelwa, ucwaningo lwezakhiwo luxuba izindlela zobuchwepheshe nezobuntu zokubuza ngezindlela ezibhaliwe nezibonwayo zokumelela.
I-4. I-Cornell University
Abasebenzi bomnyango wezokwakha benze uhlelo oluhleleke kakhulu noluphelele olugxile ekwakhiweni, kanye nefilosofi, umlando, ubuchwepheshe, ukumelwa kanye nezakhiwo.
I-Cornell University iyunivesithi yocwaningo ephethwe ngasese e-Ithaca, eNew York.
Bonke abafundi balandela ikharikhulamu ewumgogodla yeminyaka emithathu yokuqala yemfundo yabo, okuhloswe ngayo ukwakha isisekelo esiqinile semfundo yezokwakha nangaphezulu.
Abafundi bakhuthazwa ukuthi basebenze emikhakheni yonkana kuwo wonke amasemester amane okugcina, bagxile endleleni yokufunda enzima ngokwemfundo neqagelayo.
Ezokwakha, Amasiko, Nomphakathi; Isayensi Yezokwakha Nobuchwepheshe; Umlando Wezokwakha; Ukuhlaziywa Kwezakhiwo; kanye Nokumelelwa Okubonwayo ku-Architecture konke kuyatholakala njengokugxila ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo.
I-5. Columbia University
I-Architecture enkulu e-Columbia University yakhiwe eduze kwekharikhulamu ebanzi, amathuluzi aphambili, kanye nohlu lwemisebenzi nemicimbi ekhuthaza ukutholwa kwedizayini, imibuzo ebonakalayo, nengxoxo ebucayi.
Idizayini yezakhiwo nokumelela, ubuchwepheshe bezakhiwo nokusebenza kwezakhiwo, umlando wezakhiwo, kanye nomphakathi namasiko yizo zonke izindawo lapho ikharikhulamu ilungiselela abafundi ukuthi bafunde ngokukhethekile esifundweni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-architecture e-Columbia University ihlanganisa amasu obuchwepheshe nawobuntu ophenyo kanye nezindlela zokuveza ezibhaliwe nezibonwayo ezilungiselelweni ezijwayelekile zasekilasini kanye nezitudiyo ezidalelwe lokhu okukhethekile.
I-6. I-Princeton University
Ikharikhulamu yeziqu zabafundi eSikoleni Sezokwakha yaziwa ngendlela yayo eqinile nehlukene phakathi kwemfundo yangaphambi kobuchwepheshe.
Uhlelo lwabo luholela ku-AB enokugxila ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo futhi lunikeze isingeniso sezakhiwo ngaphakathi komongo wemfundo yobuciko obukhululekile.
Abafundi abangaphansi kweziqu bafunda imikhakha eyahlukene efaka isandla olwazini nasembonweni womdwebi wezakhiwo, okuhlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kwezakhiwo, ukumelela, ikhompuyutha, nobuchwepheshe bokwakha, ngaphezu kwedizayini yezakhiwo kanye nomlando kanye nethiyori yezakhiwo nokufudukela emadolobheni.
Uhlelo olubanzi lwezemfundo olufana nalolu lusiza futhi abafundi ukuthi balungiselele isikole esineziqu zezokwakha kanye nezinkambu ezihlobene okuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwezwe, ukuhlela amadolobha, ubunjiniyela bomphakathi, umlando wobuciko, kanye nobuciko obubonakalayo.
I-7. Rice University
I-William Marsh Rice University, ngezinye izikhathi eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-Rice University," iyunivesithi ehamba phambili e-United States' ephezulu yezikhungo zemfundo.
I-Rice University inohlelo lwezakhiwo oluhleliwe olubhekana nezinselelo zezakhiwo ngocwaningo nokusebenzisana neminyango efana nezifundo zezemvelo, ibhizinisi, nobunjiniyela.
Isebenza ngemikhakha eminingi futhi ivumela abafundi ukuthi babambe iqhaza kuma-internship nezinye zezinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu ukuze bathole isiqalo esihle emsebenzini othembisayo.
Abafundi bazothola usizo olungenakuqhathaniswa kanye nokunakwa ngenxa yohlelo.
I-8. I-Carnegie Mellon University
Ubuhlakani bezakhiwo budinga kokubili ukufundiswa okuyisisekelo okuphelele kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezikhethekile ezihlukile. I-Carnegie Mellon University yaziwa kakhulu ngesimo sayo njengesikole esisezingeni eliphezulu semfundo ehlukahlukene kanye nenhlangano yocwaningo emhlabeni jikelele.
Abafundi abafundela ubunjiniyela bezakhiwo e-CMU bangakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi engaphansi efana nokuklama okusimeme noma okuhlanganisayo, noma bahlanganise izifundo zabo nezinye iziyalo ezidumile ze-CMU njengobuntu, isayensi, ibhizinisi, noma amarobhothi.
Inhloso yeCarnegie Mellon University ukuhlinzeka ngezinga elijulile lokubamba iqhaza kuyo yonke imikhakha yayo yezakhiwo. Isisekelo sawo sisekelwe ekusunguleni nasekusungulweni, okubusa umbono wokufuna ukwazi.
I-9. Yale University
I-Architecture enkulu eNyuvesi yaseYale ihlelwe mayelana nekharikhulamu ephelele, izinsiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu, kanye nohlu lwezinhlelo nemicimbi ekhuthaza ukutholwa kwedizayini, imibuzo ebonakalayo, nengxoxo ebucayi.
Umlando wezokwakha kanye nefilosofi, ukufudukela emadolobheni kanye nesimo sezwe, izinto zokwakha kanye nobuchwepheshe, kanye nezakhiwo kanye nekhompyutha konke kuhlanganiswe kukharikhulamu ngokusebenzisa ama-studio wokuklama namalebhu, kanye nezinkulumo namasemina.
Izinhlelo eziningi, imisebenzi, kanye nemicimbi engakahleleki ithuthukisa ikharikhulamu, okuhlanganisa namathuba okuhamba kwabafundi, imibukiso yobuciko babafundi, nezitudiyo ezivulekile.
I-10. IYunivesithi yasePennsylvania
Uhlelo lwe-University of Pennsylvania lwe-undergraduate in architecture lwasungulwa ngo-2000 ukuze lunikeze amathuba abafundi abenza iziqu eKolishi Lezobuciko Nesayensi.
Abafundi baseNyuvesi yasePennsylvania bafunda ngezokwakha emazingeni ahlukene okuzibandakanya, kusukela kuSemina yeFreshman kuya koMncane ku-Architecture kuya ku-Major in Architecture. Abafundi bagxila ezintweni ezintathu okugxilwe kuzo: Idizayini, Umlando & Ithiyori, kanye Nomklamo Ojulile.
I-Bachelor of Arts (BA) ene-Major in Architecture yamukelwe eSikoleni Sezobuciko Nesayensi. Futhi isikole sihlala sibalwa njengesinye sezikole ezihamba phambili zezokwakha e-United States nakwamanye amazwe.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Ngezikole Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokwakha e-US
Yiziphi izici zezakhiwo ezinhle zesikole?
Isikole sezokwakha esihle kakhulu singazibusa: abafundi bazosebenza ekuthatheni izinqumo nasekukhiqizeni, futhi ngeke sibe nohlu lozalo ngaphandle kwalokho okukhiqizwa ngaleso sikhathi. Ingazama kuzo zonke izindawo ezingasungulwa kuphela ngokuhlukahluka.
Iyini i-Architecture Studies 'pre-professional' degree?
IBachelor of Science in Architectural Studies (BSAS) iklonyeliswa ngemva kohlelo lweminyaka emine lwezifundo ze-Architectural Studies. Abafundi abaphothule iziqu ze-pre-professional bangafaka isicelo sokuma okuthuthukile ohlelweni lwe-Master of Architecture (M. Arch).
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola idiploma yasekolishi?
Ikharikhulamu yeminyaka emine yangaphambi kochwepheshe ezifundweni zezokwakha, iBachelor of Science in Architectural Studies. Iningi labafundi liqeda imfundo yalo ngeminyaka emine. Kulabo abane-BSAS noma iziqu ezilinganayo ezivela kolunye uhlelo, i-Master of Architecture degree (edingekayo ukuze uthole ilayisense ezifundazweni eziningi) idinga iminyaka emibili eyengeziwe.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-B.Arch ne-M.Arch?
Imibandela yokuqukethwe yobungcweti ye-B.Arch, M.Arch, noma i-D.Arch egunyazwe yi-NAAB noma i-CACB ifana kakhulu ne-B.Arch, M.Arch, noma i-D.Arch. Zontathu izinhlobo zamadigri zidinga amakilasi emfundo ejwayelekile. Isikhungo sinquma ukuthi yini ehlanganisa izifundo 'zezinga leziqu'.
Nge-M.Arch ngingalindela iholo eliphezulu?
Ngokuvamile, ukukhokhelwa kwamafemu ezakhiwo kunqunywa izinga lesipiliyoni, amakhono omuntu siqu, kanye nekhwalithi yomsebenzi oboniswa ngokubuyekezwa kwephothifoliyo. Imibhalo yamabanga ayifuni ukufunwa.
Siphakamisa futhi:
- Ama-Masters angama-20 Ahamba Phambili kwisayensi yedatha online - Uhlelo Lwezikhundla
- 15 Izinhlelo Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokuhlaziya Amabhizinisi Emhlabeni
- Izikole Ezingcono Zamazinyo Eziyi-15 eFlorida - Izikhundla Eziphezulu Ezikoleni
- Izikole Ezinhle Kakhulu Ezingu-11 ZaseFlorida - Izinga Lesikole SaseFlorida
- Izikole Ezingcono Kakhulu Zokulingisa Amafilimu Ezingu-30 Emhlabeni
- Izikole Ezingcono Kakhulu Zezokwelapha Ezingu-20 ePhilippines - Izinga Lesikole.
Isiphetho
Okokugcina, Uma ubheke ukufunda ezokwakha e-USA, awudingi ukukhathazeka.
Uhlu oluhlanganiswe ngenhla lwezikole luhlanganisa ezinye zezikole ezihamba phambili zezokwakha e-United States ezinikeza wonke amazinga amadigri, okuhlanganisa neziqu ze-bachelor, master's, kanye neziqu zobudokotela.
Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubheke ukufunda ukuklama izakhiwo, noma ufuna ukufunda ukuthi ungaba kanjani umakhi wezakhiwo, sithemba ukuthi lolu hlu luzokusiza ukuba wenze ukukhetha okufanele.