Ekufuneni amazwe azofunda phesheya, abafundi emhlabeni wonke bafuna isifundo esidume kakhulu emazweni aphesheya ngenxa yomuzwa wokuthi la mazwe anohlelo olungcono lwemfundo kanye namathuba omsebenzi aphezulu abalindile ngenkathi befunda noma ngemuva kokuthweswa iziqu phakathi kwezinye izinzuzo ezibonwayo.
Lezi zinzuzo zithinta ukukhetha kwendawo yokufunda kanye nenani labantu abaningi abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe, izwe liya lithandwa kakhulu.
Lapha sizobheka amazwe aziwa kakhulu okufunda-phesheya, isifinyezo sokuthi kungani amazwe ashiwo edume kanjalo kanye nohlelo lwawo lwezemfundo.
Okuqukethwe
Uhlu Lwamazwe Ayi-10 Adume Kakhulu-Amazwe Aphesheya
Uhlu olungezansi ngamazwe ayi-10 aziwa kakhulu okutadisha kwamanye amazwe futhi lwahlanganiswa ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lwawo lwezemfundo kanye nezizathu ezibe nomthelela ekukhethweni kwabafundi bamazwe ngamazwe. Lezi zizathu zifaka phakathi izindawo zabo eziphephile nezinobungane, kanye nekhono labo lokudlala indawo yokungena kumanyuvesi aphambili emhlabeni.
Amazwe aphezulu ayi-10 adume kakhulu okufunda ngenani labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe:
- I-USA - Abafundi abayizigidi eziyi-1.25.
- I-Australia - Abafundi abangu-869,709.
- ECanada - Abafundi abangama-530,540.
- I-China - Abafundi be-492,185.
- I-United Kingdom - Abafundi abangu-485,645.
- EJalimane - 411,601 Abafundi.
- I-France - Abafundi be-343,000.
- Japan - 312,214 Abafundi.
- ISpain - Abafundi abangu-194,743.
- I-Italy - Abafundi abangama-32,000.
1. Izwe laseMelika
I-United States inenani eliphakeme kakhulu labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe abayifundayo, enabantu abaningi bamazwe ngamazwe ayi-1,095,299 isiyonke.
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani abafundi abavela emhlabeni wonke bakhetha i-United States of America ngaleyo ndlela bayenze ibe ngenye yezindawo zokufunda ezidumile. Phakathi kwalezi zizathu kukhona uhlelo lwezemfundo oluguquguqukayo kanye nendawo enamasiko amaningi.
Amanyuvesi ase-US ahlinzeka ngezifundo ngama-majors ahlukene kanye nezinhlelo eziningi zokufundisa, ama-workshops, nokuqeqeshwa ukuze kube lula ulwazi lwabafundi bamazwe ngamazwe. Futhi, amanyuvesi aseMelika abalwa emanyuvesi aphezulu ayi-100 emhlabeni. Muva nje, uHarvard ubekwe endaweni yokuqala ohlwini lweWall Street Journal/Times Higher Education College Rankings 2021 unyaka wesine ulandelana.
IMassachusetts Institute of Technology ibekwe endaweni yesibili, kanti iYale University ikleliswe endaweni yesithathu.
Ukuthola ulwazi oluningi ngokwezemfundo nangokwenhlalo kungesinye isizathu esenza ukuthi i-US ikhethwe kakhulu ngabafundi bamazwe ngamazwe. Ukuba nengcosana yakho konke kusukela ezintabeni, izilwandle, izingwadule, namadolobha amahle.
Inezikhungo ezahlukahlukene ezamukela izicelo zamazwe ngamazwe, futhi abafundi bangahlala bebatholela uhlelo olubafanele. Kukhona njalo ukukhetha ukuthi abafundi bakhethe phakathi kwezindawo namadolobha anezinto ezihlukile abangazinikeza.
Bangu amadolobha azofunda e-United States of America ngezindleko eziphansi kanjalo.
Inani labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe: Izigidi ezingu-1.25.
I-2. E-Australia
I-Australia ingumholi womhlaba wonke kwezemfundo kanye nezwe elisekela ukuhlukahluka kanye namasiko amaningi. Ngakho umphakathi walo wamukela abantu abavela kuzo zonke izizinda, izinhlanga, nezizwe.
Leli zwe linephesenti eliphezulu kakhulu labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe uma liqhathaniswa nomzimba walo wabafundi uwonke. Ngenxa yokuthi kuleli, kunenqwaba yezifundo nezinhlelo zesikole. Ungafunda ngokoqobo noma yiluphi uhlelo ocabanga ngalo.
Leli zwe futhi linamanyuvesi asezingeni lokuqala namakolishi. Lesi yisizathu esikhulu esenza abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe bakhethe leli zwe abazofundela kulo.
Njengebhonasi eyengeziwe, imali yokufunda iphansi, iphansi kunanoma yiliphi elinye izwe elikhuluma isiNgisi esifundeni.
Inani labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe: 869,709.
I-3. Canada
I-Canada iphakathi kwe izizwe ezifunda ngokuthula kakhulu emhlabeni yiGlobal Peace Index, futhi ngenxa yendawo enokuthula, abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe bathuthela kuleli zwe.
Akukhona nje ukuthi iCanada inendawo enokuthula, kodwa umphakathi waseCanada nawo wamukela futhi unobungane, ubaphatha bobabili abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe ngendlela efanayo nabafundi bendawo. Uhulumeni kahulumeni waseCanada futhi usekela abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe emisebenzini ehlukahlukene efana nezokuxhumana, imithi, ubuchwepheshe, ezolimo, isayensi, imfashini, ubuciko, njll.
Isizathu esisodwa esiphawulekayo sokuthi leli zwe lifakwe ohlwini njengelinye lamazwe athandwa kakhulu ukufunda-phesheya ukuthi abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe bavunyelwe ukuhlala futhi basebenze eCanada kuze kube iminyaka emithathu ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu, futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwe-Post Graduation Work yaseCanada. Uhlelo Lwemvume (PWPP). Futhi abafundi abagcini ngokuvunyelwa ukusebenza ngemva kokuphothula iziqu, kodwa futhi bavunyelwe ukusebenza amahora afinyelela kwangu-20 ngesonto, phakathi nesemester ngesikhathi sokufunda.
Inani labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe: 530,540.
I-4 I-China
Amanyuvesi aseShayina afakwe ezilinganisweni zomhlaba wonke zamanyuvesi ahamba phambili emhlabeni. Lokhu kukukhombisa izinga lemfundo leli lizwe elinikeza abafundi ngezindleko ezishibhile okwenza leli lizwe libe ngelinye lamazwe adumile okufunda-phesheya kanye nokukhetha okuphezulu phakathi kwabafundi abafuna ukufunda phesheya.
Izibalo eziphume ngo-2018 zikhombise ukuthi bekunabafundi bamazwe aphesheya ababalelwa ku-490,000 eChina abebeyizizwe ezicishe zibe ngama-200 nezifunda ezahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele.
Muva nje kwenziwa inhlolovo futhi ngokusho kwedatha ye-Project Atlas, inani lisanda kunyuka onyakeni odlule nabafundi bamazwe ngamazwe abangu-492,185 sebebonke.
Kungajabulisa ukwazi ukuthi amanyuvesi aseShayina aphinde anikele ngemifundaze exhaswa kancane futhi exhaswa ngokugcwele, iningi layo elibekelwe izifundo zolimi, kuzo zombili izifundo zeMasters kanye nePh.D. amazinga, okwenza iChina libe ngelinye lamazwe ahlinzeka ngemifundaze kulawa mazinga angenhla.
Ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni wamanyuvesi aseShayina, iNyuvesi yaseTsinghua yaba inyuvesi yokuqala yase-Asia ukubalwa phakathi kwamanyuvesi angama-20 ahamba phambili emhlabeni yi-Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2021 (THE).
Ngaphandle kokuthi izinga lemfundo liyisizathu sokuthi amasosha aye eChina, leli zwe elikhuluma isiShayina linomnotho odlondlobalayo, okhula ngokushesha ongakwazi ukwehlula owase-US eminyakeni ezayo. Lokhu kubeka iChina phakathi kwamazwe athandwayo okuzofunda kuwo futhi iphuthunyiswe ngabafundi bamazwe aphesheya abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Inani labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe: 492,185.
5. E-United Kingdom
I-UK yaziwa njengezwe lesibili elivakashelwa kakhulu ngabafundi bamazwe ngamazwe. Njengoba inabantu abangu-500,000, i-UK inamanyuvesi amaningi asezingeni eliphezulu. Yize zingekho izindleko ezinqunyiwe zezimali ezikhokhwayo njengoba zihluka kuzo zonke izikhungo futhi zingaba phezulu kakhulu, kufanelekile ukufuna amathuba okufunda ngenkathi ufunda e-UK.
Leli zwe elidumile lokufunda-phesheya linamasiko ahlukahlukene acebile nomoya wokwamukela wonke umuntu ofisa ukufunda emaphandleni aseNgilandi.
Uhlelo lwezemfundo lwase-UK luyavumelana nezimo ngendlela yokuthi umfundi akwazi ukusebenzela ukusekela izifundo zakhe.
Njengoba siyizwe lamaNgisi, ukuxhumana akunzima futhi lokhu kwenza abafundi batheleke ezweni okulenza libe ngelinye lamazwe aziwa kakhulu ukufunda kwamanye amazwe namuhla.
Futhi, kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi amanyuvesi ase-United Kingdom abalwe phakathi kwamanyuvesi aphambili emhlabeni futhi anedumela elihle phakathi kwabafundi bamazwe aphesheya.
Muva nje, i-Oxford University ikleliswe endaweni yokuqala ohlwini lwamazinga omhlaba e-Times Higher Education (THE), unyaka wesihlanu ilandelana. Nakuba, iNyuvesi yaseCambridge ikleliswe endaweni yesithathu.
Inani labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe: 485,645.
I-6. EJalimane
Kunezizathu ezintathu zokuthi kungani leli zwe lisendaweni ephezulu ohlwini lwethu lwamazwe aziwa kakhulu okufunda-phesheya futhi athandwa ngabafundi bamazwe aphesheya. Ngaphandle kohlelo lwabo lwezemfundo oluphelele, esinye salezi zizathu yimali yokufunda ephansi.
Amanye amaNyuvesi aseJalimane awawakhokhisi imali yokufunda okwenza abafundi bajabulele imfundo yamahhala, ikakhulukazi ezikoleni ezixhaswa uhulumeni.
Iningi lezifundo nezinhlelo zeziqu azikho imali yokufunda. Kodwa kukhona okuhlukile kulokhu futhi kuza ohlelweni lwe-Master.
Amanyuvesi omphakathi akhokhisa izifundo zalolu hlelo kodwa aphansi kakhulu kunawamanye amazwe ase-Europe owaziyo.
Esinye isizathu sokukhethwa kweJalimane izindleko zabo zokuphila ezingabizi. Lena ibhonasi eyengeziwe uma ungumfundi ngoba kuzodingeka ukhokhe imali encane yokungena ezakhiweni ezifana netiyetha namamnyuziyamu. Izindleko ziyathengeka futhi zinengqondo uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe aseYurophu. Ukuqasha, Ukudla, nezinye izindleko zicishe zifane nezindleko ezimaphakathi ze-EU sezizonke.
Isizathu sesithathu kodwa hhayi esincane yisimo esihle saseJalimane. Ukuba nefa lomlando elicebile futhi eligcwele izimangaliso zemvelo kanye nedolobha elikhulu lesimanje elihle ukuze libonwe ngamehlo, izifundo zamazwe ngamazwe zisebenzisa lokhu njengethuba lokujabulela i-Europe.
Inani labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe: 411,601.
I-7. EFrance
I-France iyindlela enhle uma udinga imfundo esezingeni lomhlaba ngentengo eshibhile. Nakuba imali yokufunda eFrance ishibhile, eqinisweni, enye yezindawo ezishibhe kakhulu eYurophu, izinga lemfundo alithinteki nhlobo kulokhu.
Kungaba kuhle ukwazi ukuthi imali yokufunda eFrance iyafana kubafundi basekhaya nabakwamanye amazwe, elinganiselwa ku-€170 (US$200) ngonyaka ezinhlelweni ze-bachelor's (layisense), €243 (US$285) ezinhlelweni eziningi zenkosi, kanye €380 (US$445) yezinhlelo zobudokotela. Izimali ezikhokhwayo ziphakeme kuma-grandes écoles kanye ne-grands établissements (izikhungo ezizimele), ezilungisa ezazo izindleko zokufunda.
Ukukhombisa ukuthi luhle kangakanani uhlelo lwemfundo lukaFrances, Lukhiqize ososayensi, abaculi, abadwebi bezakhiwo, izazi zefilosofi, nabaklami abanethonya elikhulu emhlabeni.
Kanye nokusingatha amadolobha amakhulu ezivakashi afana neParis, Toulouse, neLyon, abafundi abaningi bathanda iFrance beyibona njengesango eliya kulo lonke elaseYurophu.
Izindleko zokuphila ziphakeme kakhulu enhloko-dolobha, iParis, kodwa kufanelekile lezi zindleko ezengeziwe njengoba iParis ibizwe njengedolobha elihamba phambili labafundi emhlabeni izikhathi ezine zilandelana (futhi okwamanje imi endaweni yesihlanu).
Futhi eFrance, ulimi alunankinga ngoba ungafunda eFrance ngesiNgisi, njengoba leli zwe linezinhlelo eziningi ezifundiswa isiNgisi ezitholakala ezingeni le-postgraduate.
Inani labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe: 343,000.
8. EJapane
I-Japan iyizwe elihlanzekile kakhulu elinamasiko acebile futhi abanzi. Izinga lemfundo laseJapan lenze ukuthi likleliswe ohlwini lwamazwe ayi-10 aphezulu anohlelo lwemfundo oluhle kakhulu. Ihlanganiswe nezikhungo zayo zemfundo ephakeme ezithuthukile, iJapan ingesinye sezikole eziphakeme izindawo zokufunda ezingcono kakhulu zabafundi bamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukuphepha kuyisizathu esikhulu esenza i-Japan ikhethwe ngabafundi futhi ithathwa njengelinye lamazwe aziwa kakhulu okufunda-phesheya kubafundi.
I-Japan ingelinye lamazwe aphephe kakhulu ukuhlala kuwo, enohlelo oluhle lomshwalense wezempilo, futhi iyizwe elibamukela kakhulu abantu bamasiko ahlukahlukene. Ngokusho kwe-Japan Student Services Organization, kube nokukhuphuka kwenani labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe eJapane, futhi ngezansi kunenombolo yamanje.
Inani labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe: 312,214.
I-9. ESpain
ISpain inamanyuvesi angama-74 futhi leli zwe laseSpain linohlelo lwemfundo oluthuthukisiwe olulingiswa kwezinye izizwe zomhlaba. Ukufunda eSpain, wena njengomfundi uzochayeka emathubeni amaningi angakusiza ukuthi ukhule ngokomsebenzi.
Ngokungeziwe emadolobheni aziwa kakhulu iMadrid neBarcelona, abafundi bamazwe aphesheya eSpain banethuba lokuhlola nokujabulela ezinye izingxenye ezinhle zaseSpain, ikakhulukazi emaphandleni.
Esinye isizathu esenza abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe bathande ukufunda eSpain ukuthi bazothola ithuba lokufunda ulimi lweSpanishi, oluphakathi kwezilimi ezintathu ezikhulunywa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Imali yokufunda eSpain iyathengeka futhi izindleko zokuphila zincike endaweni yomfundi.
Inani labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe: 194,743.
I-10. Italy
Abafundi abaningi bamazwe ngamazwe bakhetha i-Italy ngaphezu kwamanye amazwe okufunda-phesheya okwenza izwe libe sendaweni yesi-5 ohlwini lwethu njengelinye lamazwe aziwa kakhulu okufunda-phesheya. Kunezizathu ezimbalwa ezenza izwe lidume kangaka futhi kube yisinqumo sokuqala sabafundi abafuna ukufunda phesheya abavela ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba.
Okokuqala, imfundo e-Italy isezingeni eliphezulu, idlala ibamba elikhulu lezinhlelo zemfundo ezifundweni eziningi kusukela kwezobuciko, ukuklama, ukuklama, kanye nobunjiniyela. Futhi, amanyuvesi ase-Italy asebenze ocwaningweni ezindaweni zobuchwepheshe belanga, isayensi yezinkanyezi, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, njalonjalo.
Izwe laziwa njengesikhungo seRenaissance futhi lidume kakhulu ngokudla kwalo okumangalisayo, iminyuziyamu emangalisayo, ubuciko, imfashini, nokunye.
Babalelwa ku-32,000 abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe abaphishekela izifundo e-Italy, okuhlanganisa nabafundi abazimele kanye nalabo abeza ngezinhlelo zokushintshisana.
I-Italy ineqhaza elibalulekile emkhakheni wezemfundo ephakeme nge-"Bologna Reform" eyaziwayo, futhi amanyuvesi enza kahle kakhulu phakathi kwamazinga amanyuvesi omhlaba.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinzuzo ezibalwe ngenhla, abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe bathola ukufunda ulimi lwesiNtaliyane, olusohlwini lolunye lwezilimi ezisemthethweni ze-European Union kanye ne-Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE).
I-Italy nayo inamadolobha athile ezivakashi njengeVatican lapho abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe bavakashela khona ukuze babuke ezinye zezikhumbuzo zomlando nezindawo.
Inani labafundi bamazwe ngamazwe: 32,000.