Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei e aʻo ma Suedena, ʻo nā kulanui maikaʻi loa ma Suedena e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe i hele pū ʻia me kahi kaiāulu me nā haumāna kiʻekiʻe a me nā kumu. ʻO Suedena paha ka wahi kūpono e hoʻopau ai i kāu kēkelē inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i kahi ʻike e hoʻonui ai i ka moʻomeheu a me ka paʻakikī ʻoihana.
Me ka nui o nā kulanui kūpono e koho ai, ua lilo ʻo Sweden i hoʻokahi o nā wahi kiʻekiʻe loa no nā haumāna e makemake ana e huakaʻi i ke ao holoʻokoʻa e hoʻonui i kā lākou aʻo ʻana me ka ʻole o ka haki ʻana i ka waihona. Aia ʻo Suedena kekahi o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe loa o ka honua a aia ka nui o nā kulanui maikaʻi loa o ʻEulopa ma ka ʻāina.
Table of Contents
7 Nā kumu e aʻo ai ma Suedena
Aia ma lalo nā kumu e aʻo ai ma Sweden:
1. Pūnaehana Hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi
Hele mai ʻo Sweden i ka 14th ma ka QS Higher Education System Strength Rankings. ʻIke ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonaʻauao Suedena, me nā kulanui i hoʻopaʻa mau ʻia i waena o nā mea maikaʻi loa o ka honua. ʻO kekahi o nā kula maikaʻi loa o Suedena e lilo i mea hoʻohui maikaʻi loa i ka CV hoʻonaʻauao haumāna.
2. ʻAʻohe Palekana ʻŌlelo
ʻOiai ʻo Suedena ka ʻōlelo kūhelu ma Suedena, aneane ʻōlelo nā kānaka a pau i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, no laila e maʻalahi ka kamaʻilio ʻana. Ua helu ʻia ʻo Sweden i ka ʻehiku (mai loko o 111 mau ʻāina) i ka helu nui loa o ka honua o nā ʻāina a me nā ʻāina e nā mākau Pelekane, EF EPI 2022.
Eia nō naʻe, ma ke ʻano he haumāna haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, pono ʻoe e aʻo i ka Kuekene no ka mea ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kula aupuni e hāʻawi i nā papahana laepua ma Suedena a me nā papahana haku ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
3. Nā Hana Hana
No nā haumāna e makemake ana e ʻimi i nā ʻoihana a i ʻole nā hana hana, mai nānā hou aku, aia kekahi mau hui multinational (e laʻa me IKEA, H&M, Spotify, Ericsson) ma Suedena, a he nui nā manawa kūpono no nā haumāna puka.
ʻAʻole like me nā wahi aʻo ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe palena palena o Sweden i ka helu o nā hola e hiki ai i kahi haumāna ke hana. ʻO ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā haumāna e ʻimi i nā manawa hana e alakaʻi ai i nā ʻoihana lōʻihi.
4. E aʻo i ka Swedish
Nui nā kula ʻo Suedena e ʻae i nā haumāna o ka honua e lawe i nā papa ʻōlelo Kuekene manawa i ke aʻo ʻana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole koi ʻia ka maʻalahi o ka ʻōlelo Kuekene e noho a aʻo paha ma Suetena, makemake paha ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka manawa kūpono e aʻo i kahi ʻōlelo hou a hoʻonui i kāu CV a i ʻole Resume.
5. ʻAʻole Haʻawina
He manuahi ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana ma Suedena no nā haumāna mai ka European Union (EU), ka European Economic Area (EEA), a me Switzerland. Ph.D. Hiki nō hoʻi nā haumāna a me nā haumāna hoʻololi ke hoʻonaʻauao manuahi, me ka ʻole o ko lākou ʻāina hānau.
6. Nā Palapala Hoʻolālā
Hāʻawi nā Scholarships i nā uku pili kālā i nā haumāna he nui o ka honua. Hāʻawi ka hapa nui o nā kula ʻo Sweden i nā manawa haʻawina no nā haumāna uku uku; nā haumāna mai nā ʻāina ma waho o ka EU/EEA a me Switzerland. ʻO kēia mau mea Hāʻawi nā haʻawina i nā waivers o 25 a 75% o ka uku pili.
7. Nani Nani
Hāʻawi ʻo Sweden i nā haumāna āpau i nā manawa palena ʻole e ʻimi i nā ʻano nani a pau o Sweden. Ma Suedena, loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kūʻokoʻa e holoholo ma ke ʻano. ʻO ke kūʻokoʻa e holoholo ('Allemansrätten' ma Suedena) a i ʻole "kuleana o kēlā me kēia kanaka", ʻo ia ke kuleana o ka lehulehu e komo i kekahi ʻāina, nā loko, a me nā muliwai no ka leʻaleʻa a me ka hoʻoikaika kino.
ʻO 15 mau kula kiʻekiʻe ma Suetena
Aia ma lalo iho nā kula 15 maikaʻi loa ma Sweden:
- Kerolinska Institute
- Ke Kulanuiʻo Lund
- Ke Kulanuiʻo Uppsala
- Ke Kulanuiʻo Stockholm
- Kulanui o Gothenburg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Chalmers University of Technology
- ʻO ke Kulanui pūnaewele
- Ke Kulanui o nā Kula Nui o Hawaiʻi
- Ke Kulanui O Örebro
- Umeå University
- Keʻena ʻO Jönköping
- Keawe ʻO Karlstad
- Ke Kula Nui ʻo Lulea
- Ke Kulanui ʻo Linnaeus.
ʻO 15 mau kulanui maikaʻi loa ma Suedena
1. Karolinska Institute (KI)
ʻO Karolinska Institute kekahi o nā kulanui lapaʻau koʻikoʻi o ka honua a hāʻawi i ka laulā ākea o nā papa a me nā papahana lapaʻau ma Sweden. ʻO ia hoʻi ke kikowaena nui loa o Sweden no ka noiʻi hoʻonaʻauao olakino.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo KI i ka makahiki 1810 ma ke ʻano he "academy no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā kauka lapaʻau akamai." Aia ia ma Solna i loko o ke kikowaena kūlanakauhale ʻo Stockholm, Suedena.
Hāʻawi ʻo Karolinska Institute i kahi ākea o nā papahana a me nā papa ma nā kahua lapaʻau a me ke olakino, me ka lāʻau lapaʻau niho, ka meaʻai, ke olakino lehulehu, a me nā kahu hānai, e haʻi i kekahi.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻo mua ma KI ʻo Suedena, akā ua aʻo ʻia hoʻokahi bachelor a me nā papahana haku he nui ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
2. Ke Kulanuiʻo Lund
He kulanui noiʻi lehulehu ʻo Lund University ma Lund, kekahi o nā wahi noiʻi kaulana loa ma Suetena. Loaʻa iā ia nā pā kula ma Helsingborg a me Malmö.
ʻIke ʻia ma 1666, ʻo Lund University kekahi o nā kula kahiko loa o ʻEulopa. ʻO ia kekahi o nā hale waihona puke noiʻi kahiko loa a Suedena, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1666, i ka manawa like me ke Kulanui.
Hāʻawi ke Kulanui ʻo Lund ma kahi o 300 mau papahana aʻo, e komo pū ana me ka bachelor's, master's, doctoral, a me nā papahana hoʻonaʻauao ʻoihana. Ma loko o kēia mau papahana, ua aʻo ʻia nā papahana bachelor 9 a ʻoi aku ma mua o 130 mau papahana haku ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
Hāʻawi ʻo Lund i ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka noiʻi i loko o kēia mau wahi:
- ʻO ka hoʻolālā a me ka hoʻomalu
- ʻenehana/ʻenehana
- ʻO nā hana noʻeau, nā mele, a me nā hale keaka
- Humanities and Theology
- Ke Kānāwai
- Medicine
- Science
- Pūnaewele
3. Ke Kulanuiʻo Uppsala
ʻO ke Kulanui ʻo Uppsala kahi kulanui noiʻi lehulehu ma Uppsala, Kuekene. Hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1477, ʻo ia ke kulanui mua o Suedena a me ke kulanui ʻo Nordic mua.
Hāʻawi ke Kulanui ʻo Uppsala i nā papahana aʻo ma nā pae like ʻole: bachelor's, master's, and doctoral. ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻo ma ke kula ʻo Suedena a me English; Ma kahi o 5 bachelor's a me 70 master's programs i aʻo ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
Hāʻawi ke Kulanui ʻo Uppsala i nā papahana ma kēia mau wahi hoihoi:
- Theology
- Ke Kānāwai
- Arts
- Languages
- Pūnaewele
- Nāʻike hoʻonaʻauao
- Medicine
- ʻO ka meaʻai
4. Ke Kulanui ʻo Stockholm (SU)
He kulanui noiʻi lehulehu ʻo Stockholm University ma Stockholm, ke kapikala o Suedena. ʻIke ʻia ma 1878, ʻo SU kekahi o nā kula kahiko a nui loa ma Scandinavia.
Hāʻawi ke Kulanui ʻo Stockholm i nā papahana aʻo ma nā pae āpau, me nā papahana bachelor's, master's a doctoral a me nā papahana hoʻonaʻauao ʻoihana.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻo ma SU ʻo Suedena a me English. ʻElima mau papahana bachelor i hāʻawi ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania a me 75 mau papahana haku i aʻo ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
Hāʻawi ʻo SU i nā papahana ma nā wahi hoihoi:
- Nā'Ōlelo Hawaiʻi a me nā Kuleana
- ʻOihana kāohi a me ka hoʻokele waiwai
- ʻ Sciencesleloʻenehana kamepiula a me nā ʻōnaehana
- ʻEpekema Kanaka, Pilikanaka a me Polika
- Ke Kānāwai
- Nā'ōlelo a me nā'ōlelo
- Media a me Komunikasi
- ʻEpekema a me ka Makemakika
5. Kulanui o Gothenburg (GU)
ʻO ke Kulanui o Gothenburg (ʻike ʻia ʻo ke Kulanui ʻo Gothenburg) he kulanui aupuni ma Gothenburg, ke kūlanakauhale nui ʻelua o Suedena. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo GU ma 1892 ma ke kula ʻo Gothenburg University College a loaʻa iā ia ke kūlana kulanui ma 1954.
Me nā haumāna he 50,000 a ʻoi aku ma mua o 6,000 mau limahana, ʻo GU kekahi o nā kula nui loa o Suedena a me ʻEulopa.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻo mua no nā papahana lae pua ʻo Suedena, akā aia kekahi mau papa haʻahaʻa a me nā papa kumu i aʻo ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
Hāʻawi ʻo GU i nā papahana aʻo ma kēia mau wahi hoihoi:
- Nā Kumuhana Hoʻonaʻauao
- Paheona Arts
- Ke Kinohi
- Pūʻulu Kiʻikuhi
- IT
- Business
- Ke Kānāwai
- Science
6. KTH Royal Institute of Technology
ʻO KTH Royal Institute of Technology kekahi o nā kula ʻenehana a me ka ʻenekinia alakaʻi o ʻEulopa. ʻO ia hoʻi ke kulanui ʻenehana nui loa a mahalo nui ʻia ma Sweden.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka KTH Royal Institute of Technology ma 1827 a he ʻelima mau kahua hoʻomoana ma Stockholm, Suedena.
He kulanui ʻelua ʻōlelo ʻo KTH Royal Institute of Technology. ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻo nui ma ka pae bachelor ʻo Suedena a ʻo ka ʻōlelo aʻo nui ma ka pae o ka haku ʻo ka ʻōlelo Pelekane.
Hāʻawi ʻo KTH Royal Institute of Technology i nā papahana aʻo i kēia mau wahi hoihoi:
- kuhikuhipuʻuone
- Ke Engine Engineering
- kamepiula Science
- Keʻikeʻenehana
- ʻEnekinia ʻEpekema ma ke Kemika, Biotechnology, a me ke Ola
- ʻO kaʻoihanaʻoihanaʻoihana a me ka hoʻomalu
7. Ke Kulanui o ʻenehana ʻo Chalmers (Chalmers)
ʻO ka Chalmers University of Technology kekahi o nā kula pilikino kiʻekiʻe loa ma Gothenburg, Suedena. He kulanui pilikino ʻo Chalmers mai ka makahiki 1994, nona ka Chalmers University of Technology Foundation.
Hāʻawi ka Chalmers University of Technology i kahi hoʻonaʻauao ʻenehana a me ka ʻepekema, mai ka pae bachelor a hiki i ka pae kauka. Hāʻawi pū ia i nā papahana hoʻonaʻauao ʻoihana.
He kulanui ʻelua ʻōlelo ka Chalmers University of Technology. Ua aʻo ʻia nā papahana bachelor āpau ma ka ʻōlelo Kuekene a ma kahi o 40 mau papahana haku i aʻo ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
Hāʻawi ka Chalmers University of Technology i nā papahana aʻo i kēia mau wahi hoihoi:
- hana 'enekinia,
- Science
- kuhikuhipuʻuone
- ʻŌnaehana ʻenehana
8. Ke Kulanui ʻo Linköping (LiU)
He kulanui noiʻi lehulehu ʻo Linköping University ma Linköping, Kuekene. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1902 ma ke ʻano he koleke mua o Sweden no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā kumu kula preschool a lilo i ke ono o ke kulanui ʻo Sweden ma 1975.
Hāʻawi ʻo LiU i 120 mau papahana aʻo (ʻo ia hoʻi nā papahana bachelor's, master's, a doctoral programs), a he 28 i hāʻawi ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
Hāʻawi ʻo Linköping University i nā papahana aʻo ma kēia mau wahi hoihoi:
- Nā'Ōlelo Hawaiʻi a me nā Kuleana
- Business
- ʻLelo ʻenehana a me ʻepekema Pūnaewele
- Pūʻulu Kiʻikuhi
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me ke ola kino
- Ke Kaʻi Hana Moho
- Nā Kuleana Kānana
- Hoonaauao Kumu
9. Kula Nui o Kuekene o ka ʻEpekema Mahiʻai (SLU)
He kulanui ka Swedish University of Agricultural Science me nā wahi nui ma Alnarp, Uppsala, a me Umea.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo SLU ma 1977 ma waho o nā kula ʻoihana mahiʻai, nā ululāʻau, a me nā holoholona holoholona, ke Kula ʻo Veterinary ma Skara, a me ke Kula ʻo Forestry ma Skinnskatteberg.
Hāʻawi ka Swedish University of Agricultural Science i nā papahana ma ke kula bachelor's, master's, and doctoral level. Hoʻokahi papahana bachelor a me kekahi mau papahana haku i aʻo ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
Hāʻawi ʻo SLU i nā papahana aʻo ma kēia mau wahi hoihoi:
- Biotechnology a me ka meaʻai
- ka Mahiai
- NānāʻAi
- eanie?
- 'Oiho
- Ke ʻano a me ke Kaiapuni
- ka wai
- Nā wahi kuaʻāina a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana
- Nā ʻāina a me nā wahi kūlanakauhale
- hoʻokele waiwai
10. Ke Kulanui O Örebro
He kulanui aupuni ʻo Örebro ma Örebro, Kuekene. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1977 ma ke Kulanui ʻo Örebro University a ua lilo ʻo Örebro University ma 1999.
He kulanui ʻelua ʻōlelo ke Kulanui ʻO Örebro: ua aʻo ʻia nā papahana laepua a pau ma ka ʻōlelo Kuekene a ua aʻo ʻia nā papahana haku āpau ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
Hāʻawi ʻo Örebro University i nā papahana bachelor's, master's, and doctoral ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka hoihoi, ʻo ia hoʻi:
- Ke Kinohi
- Pūʻulu Kiʻikuhi
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me ke ola kino
- Business
- hookipa
- Ke Kānāwai
- Mele, Keaka, a me Art
- ʻEpekema a me kaʻenehana
11. Umeå University
He kulanui aupuni ʻo Umeå ma Umeå, Kuekene. No kahi kokoke i 60 mau makahiki, ke ulu nei ʻo Umeå University ma ke ʻano he wahi hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe ma Northern, Suedena.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke Kulanui ʻo Umeå ma 1965 a ua lilo ʻo ia i ke kulanui ʻelima o Sweden. Me nā haumāna he 37,000, ʻo ke Kulanui ʻo Umea kekahi o nā kula nui loa o Suedena a me ke kulanui nui loa ma Northern Sweden.
Hāʻawi ke Kulanui ʻo Umea i nā papahana bachelor's, master's, and doctorate. Hāʻawi ia ma kahi o 44 mau papahana honua, me nā papahana bachelor a me ka haku; nā papahana i aʻo piha ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
- Nā'Ōlelo Hawaiʻi a me nā Kuleana
- kuhikuhipuʻuone
- Medicine
- Business
- Pūʻulu Kiʻikuhi
- ʻEpekema a me kaʻenehana
- Paheona Arts
- Nā Kumuhana Hoʻonaʻauao
12. Ke Kulanui ʻo Jönköping (JU)
ʻO ke Kulanui ʻo Jönköping kekahi o nā kula nui loa o ka honua ma Suetena. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1971 ma ke kula ʻo Jönköping University College a loaʻa iā ia ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ke kulanui ma 1995.
Hāʻawi ʻo JU i nā alahele, bachelor's, a me nā papahana haku. Ma JU, ua aʻo piha ʻia nā papahana i hāʻawi ʻia i nā haumāna honua ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
Hāʻawi ʻo JU i nā papahana aʻo ma kēia mau wahi hoihoi;
- Business
- 'aoʻao hoʻokele waiwai
- Nā Kumuhana Hoʻonaʻauao
- hana 'enekinia,
- Ka Papahana Aʻo
- Hoʻolālā kiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala pūnaewele
- Ka Papahana Ola
- ʻIkepili a me ka ʻepekema kamepiula
- ʻAoʻao Kūkala kamaʻilio
- kuleana
13. Ke Kulanui o Karlstad (KaU)
He kulanui aupuni ʻo Karlstad ma Karlstad, Kuekene. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1971 ma ke ʻano he kulanui kulanui a loaʻa iā ia ke kūlana kulanui ma 1999.
Hāʻawi ʻo Karlstad University ma kahi o 40 mau papahana laepua a me 30 mau papahana kiʻekiʻe. Hāʻawi ʻo KU i hoʻokahi papahana bachelor a me 11 haku ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
Hāʻawi ʻo Karlstad University i nā papahana aʻo i kēia mau wahi hoihoi:
- Business
- Haʻawina noʻeau
- 'ōlelo
- Nā haʻawina pilikanaka a noʻonoʻo
- hana 'enekinia,
- Ka Papahana Ola
- Hoonaauao Kumu
14. Ke Kulanui o ʻenehana ʻo Lulea (LTU)
He kulanui aupuni ka Lulea University of Technology ma Lulea, Suedena. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1971 ma ke kula ʻo Lulea University College a loaʻa ke kūlana kulanui ma 1997.
Hāʻawi ʻo Lulea University of Technology i ka huina o 100 mau papahana, ʻo ia hoʻi nā papahana bachelor a master, a me nā papa pūnaewele manuahi (MOOC).
Hāʻawi ʻo LTU i nā papahana aʻo ma kēia mau wahi hoihoi:
- Technology
- 'aoʻao hoʻokele waiwai
- Health
- Medicine
- Music
- Kumu Hoʻonaʻauao
15. Ke Kulanui ʻo Linnaeus (LnU)
ʻO ke Kulanui ʻo Linnaeus kahi kulanui hou a me ka honua ma Småland, hema o Suedena. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo LnU ma 2010 ma o ka hui ʻana ma waena o Växjö University a me ke Kulanui o Kalmar.
Hāʻawi ʻo Linnaeus University i nā papahana 200-degere, e komo pū ana me nā papahana bachelor's, master's, and doctoral.
Hāʻawi ʻo LnU i nā papahana aʻo ma kēia mau wahi hoihoi:
- Nā'Ōlelo Hawaiʻi a me nā Kuleana
- Nā ʻĀpana Ola a me nā Ola
- Pūʻulu Kiʻikuhi
- Nā Kuleana Kānana
- Technology
- ʻOihana kāohi a me ka hoʻokele waiwai
Pinepine ninau ninaninau 'ana i
Hiki iaʻu ke aʻo manuahi ma Sweden?
ʻAʻole uku ʻia ke aʻo ʻana ma Suedena no nā kamaʻāina o EU/EEA, Switzerland, a me ka poʻe me ka palapala ʻae noho Suedena mau. Ph.D. hiki i nā haumāna a me nā haumāna hoʻololi ke aʻo manuahi.
He aha ka ʻōlelo aʻo i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā kulanui ʻo Sweden?
ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻo mua ma nā kula aupuni o Suedena ʻo Suedena, akā ua aʻo ʻia kekahi mau papahana ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, ʻo ia hoʻi nā papahana haku. Eia nō naʻe, aia nā kulanui honua e hāʻawi i nā papahana āpau ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.
He aha ke kumukūʻai o nā kulanui ma Sweden no nā haumāna honua?
E ʻokoʻa nā uku hoʻonaʻauao no nā haumāna kula honua ma Sweden ma muli o ka papa a me ke kulanui. ʻO ka uku haʻahaʻa no nā haumāna kula honua hiki ke emi me SEK 80,000 a i ʻole SEK 295,000.
Pehea ka lōʻihi e hiki ai iaʻu ke noho ma Sweden ma hope o ke aʻo ʻana?
Ma ke ʻano he haumāna non-EU, hiki iā ʻoe ke noho ma Sweden no ka hapa nui o 12 mau mahina ma hope o ke puka ʻana. Hiki iā ʻoe ke noi no nā hana i kēia manawa.
Hiki iaʻu ke hana ma Sweden i ke aʻo ʻana?
Ua ʻae ʻia nā haumāna me nā ʻae noho e hana i ke aʻo ʻana a ʻaʻohe palena kūhelu i ka helu o nā hola e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana i kāu mau haʻawina.
Ke paipai pū mākou:
- 15 ʻO nā Kulanui maikaʻi loa no ke kālā ma UK
- 10 ʻO nā kula ʻoihana maikaʻi loa ma Paris
- ʻO 20 mau kula kiʻekiʻe loa ma Kanada no ka Master's
- 15 ʻO nā kula ʻo Architecture maikaʻi loa ma ʻEulopa
- ʻO 20 mau kula maikaʻi loa ma Korea no nā haumāna International.
Panina
Manaʻo mākou ua kōkua kēia ʻatikala iā ʻoe e aʻo hou e pili ana i nā kulanui maikaʻi loa ma Sweden. Inā he mau nīnau kāu, e ʻoluʻolu e haʻi mai iā mākou ma ka ʻatikala ma lalo.