Kodi mungamve bwanji podziwa zambiri za ntchito ya injiniya wamakina? Zabwino! Ndiye tidzakhala okondwa kukudziwitsani zambiri za izi mu positi iyi yabulogu.
Kulemba uku kumakamba za maluso ofunikira, zinthu zomwe muyenera kudziwa ndikuziganizira musanachite digiri yaukatswiri wamakina, ntchito wamba ya mainjiniya wamakina, komanso ntchito ya mainjiniya wamakina.
Ndi positiyi, titha kuthandiza ndi chidziwitso chofunikira chomwe tikuyenera kudziwitsidwa tisanalembetse ntchito zamakina.
M'ndandanda wazopezekamo
Maluso Ofunikira kwa Akatswiri Opanga Makina
Maluso otsatirawa ndi maluso ofunikira omwe amafunikira mainjiniya wamakina:
1. Kulankhulana
Tsiku lililonse mainjiniya amayenera kulumikizana ndi anzawo, mamenejala, ogwira nawo ntchito ochokera m'magawo ena, ngakhale makasitomala.
Ntchito yawo ndi yovuta komanso yotsogola, koma si aliyense amene amagwirizana nawo ali ndi chidziwitso chofanana chaukadaulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mgwirizano ukhale wofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo.
Mu engineering, kulankhulana momveka bwino ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti aliyense wogwirizana ndi polojekitiyo ali kumbali yeniyeni.
2. Kupanga
Kuti athe kupanga ndi kupanga zida zosiyanasiyana, katundu, makina, ndi mitundu ina yama projekiti ofunikira pantchito yawo, mainjiniya amakina ayenera kukhala ndi luso lopanga zinthu.
Mwachitsanzo, katswiri wamakina amayenera kupeza njira yopangira selo lomwe lingagwirizane ndi chipangizo china.
Mainjiniya nthawi zonse amabwera ndi malingaliro atsopano ndi njira zothetsera mavuto. Ngakhale palibe zovuta ziwiri kapena zovuta zofanana, zoyambira m'gawo lauinjiniya ndizofunika kwambiri.
3. Kugwirira ntchito limodzi
Kukhala ndi anthu kuti azichita bwino momwe angathere pogwira ntchito limodzi ndi gawo lofunikira la anthu otsogolera. M'malo antchito a uinjiniya, kugwirira ntchito limodzi kumakhala kofanana.
Kugwirizana ndi mgwirizano ndizo maziko a kayendetsedwe ka machitidwe amakono.
M'malo opangira uinjiniya, zimakhala bwino kulimbikitsa mgwirizano polimbikitsana, kudzudzula kolimbikitsa, komanso kulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonza maluso olankhulana bwino.
4. Luso la Masamu
Kukonzekera ndikupanga zida, injini, makina, ndi zida zina zamakina, mainjiniya amakina ayenera kumvetsetsa bwino masamu.
Amayang'aniranso kakhazikitsidwe, kugwiritsa ntchito, kusamalira, ndi kukonza zida monga zotenthetsera zapakati, gasi, madzi, ndi nthunzi.
Masamu ndiofunikira paukadaulo wamakina chifukwa ndikofunikira kuthetsa nkhani, kumvetsetsa masamu, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mfundo za chilengedwe, zomwe ndi zoyimira masamu.
Zinthu Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Ndi Kuziganizira Musanachite Digiri mu Mechanical Engineering
- Maphunziro ofunikira kwambiri paukadaulo wamakina nthawi zambiri amakhala physics ndi masamu.
- Muyenera kukhala okonzeka kuchita khama kwambiri pantchito yanu ya uinjiniya ndi kupitilira apo.
- Kudula ndi mpikisano zonse ndizokwera kwambiri, ndipo ophunzira ambiri omwe adayesapo GATE.
Ntchito Zofanana za Mechanical Engineer
Anthu omwe amaphunzira uinjiniya wamakina amathanso kugwira ntchito ngati mainjiniya otsatirawa:
1. Manufacturing Engineer
Mainjiniya m'makampani opanga amagwiritsa ntchito madigiri awo kuti apindule.
Akatswiri opanga zinthu amayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga ndi kuyang'anira zida zopangira zinthu zapamwamba komanso zotsika mtengo.
Maukonde apakompyuta, ma robotiki, makina, ndi zida zogwirira ntchito ndi zitsanzo zochepa za machitidwewa.
2. Wogwiritsa Ntchito Nyukiliya
Amachita kafukufuku, kukonza mapulani, kapena kuthana ndi nkhani zokhudzana ndi kutulutsa, kuwongolera, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya nyukiliya komanso kutaya zinyalala za nyukiliya.
Ogwiritsa ntchito ma reactor, mainjiniya amachitidwe, mainjiniya apamwamba, mainjiniya a C&I, ndi mamanejala ndi ena mwa maudindo omwe mainjiniya amakina amachita makamaka pamakampaniwa.
3. Katswiri Wopanga Ndege
Mainjiniyawa amagwira ntchito m'malo omwe anthu amapanga kapena kupanga zouluka, zoponya, zotetezera dziko, kapena ndege.
Pachilangizo ichi, mainjiniya amakina amatha kugwirizana ndi mainjiniya apamlengalenga. Amathandizira kupanga ndi kukonza ndege pano.
Ukadaulo wa mainjiniya wamakina ukhoza kuthandizira kutsimikizira kuti mapangidwe ake ndi oyenerana ndi zofunikira za eyapoti ndi zina zopangira.
4. Wopanga Zomangamanga
Mainjiniya omwe amagwira ntchito yomanga ndi omwe amayang'anira ntchito zazikulu zomanga.
Amayang'ana mapulani ndi mapangidwe a projekiti, amawongolera nthawi ndi zinthu zomwe apatsidwa, ndikuyerekeza mtengo.
Pama projekiti okhudzana ndi kukonza ndi kukonza nyumba zamalonda, makampani ena omanga amaphatikizanso akatswiri opanga makina.
5. Wopanga Magalimoto
Amagwira ntchito pa chitukuko, kupanga, kugawa, kugulitsa, kugulitsa, ndi kugulitsa pambuyo pa kukonza magalimoto okwera ndi malonda, kuphatikizapo magalimoto othamanga.
Omaliza maphunziro omwe ali ndi ntchito yaukadaulo wamagalimoto amatha kupanga ndikupanga makina ndi zida zamagalimoto, masitima apamtunda, ndi magalimoto ena.
Ntchito zawo zingaphatikizepo kupanga, kupanga, ndi kafukufuku & chitukuko.
6. Maintenance Engineer
Idzakhala ntchito yanu ngati mainjiniya wokonza kuwonetsetsa kuti makina ndi zida zimagwira ntchito popanda vuto. Kupanga, kupanga, kapena mayendedwe ndi njira zonse zogwirira ntchito.
Mafakitole akulu atha kugwiritsa ntchito mainjiniya okonza kuti asunge makina olemera monga zoziziritsira mpweya ndi zotenthetsera, zida zopangira, ndi mainjini omwe amatha kuyenda mosalekeza.
Kuti agwiritse ntchito chida chilichonse pamalo amodzi, amatha kugwira ntchito m'magulu kapena okha.
Mndandanda wa Njira Yantchito ya Injiniya Wamakina
Pansipa pali mndandanda wanjira 5 zaukadaulo wamakina:
- Tengani maphunziro aumisiri wamakina kuti mupeze digiri
- Malizitsani internship yachilimwe kapena pulogalamu ya co-op
- Ace mayeso a FE (zofunika za engineering)
- Fufuzani ntchito yolowera
- Pezani layisensi yanu yaukatswiri.
Njira Yantchito Yamakina Engineer
1. Pangani maphunziro a uinjiniya wamakina kuti mupeze digiri
Pa digiri yoyamba, madigiri aukadaulo wamakina nthawi zambiri amatenga zaka zitatu kapena zinayi, ndipo chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri pamlingo wa masters. Omaliza maphunziro omwe amamaliza bwino maphunziro awo amapatsidwa digiri ya BEng kapena MEng.
Padzakhala mwayi wosankha ukatswiri ndikumaliza ntchito yapayekha kapena gulu pambuyo pa gawo loyambirira la digirii, yomwe imaphimbidwa ndi maphunziro oyambira ofunikira.
Kuphunzitsa nthawi zambiri kumakhala ngati maphunziro ndi masemina. Mayeso olembedwa, maulaliki, ndi ntchito zofufuza zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika ophunzira.
2. Malizitsani maphunziro achilimwe kapena pulogalamu ya co-op
Ophunzira aku koleji ali ndi mwayi wopeza zosankha zingapo zapadera, imodzi mwazomwe zimakhala mwayi woyesa ntchito mukadali wophunzira. Ophunzira aku koleji ali ndi mwayi wopeza ma internship komanso maphunziro ogwirizana (co-op) ntchito.
Nthawi zambiri amangoyang'ana ophunzira omwe akufuna kuchita ntchito zamafakitale, koma amathanso kukhala othandiza kwa ophunzira omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi maphunziro omaliza maphunziro kapena ntchito m'makampani.
Ophunzira amapeza mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chawo kuti agwiritse ntchito zochitika zenizeni padziko lapansi kudzera mu internship ndi ma co-ops. Kuphatikiza apo, amapatsa ophunzira mwayi wodziwana ndi olemba anzawo ntchito. Ubwino wa internship kapena co-op ndi wochuluka
Ngakhale ma internship amatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse pachaka, nthawi yanthawi yophunzirira ndi chilimwe pakati pa semesita.
3. Ace mayeso a FE (zofunika za engineering)
Nthawi zambiri, kutenga mayeso a Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) ndiye gawo loyamba lokhala mainjiniya ovomerezeka (PE).
Amapangidwira ophunzira omwe angomaliza kumene maphunziro a uinjiniya omwe ali ndi kuvomerezeka kwa EAC/ABET komanso omwe atsala pang'ono kumaliza. Mayeso a FE ndi mayeso otengera makompyuta omwe amaperekedwa chaka chonse.
Mafunso 110 onse ali mu mayeso a FE. Kusankhidwa kwa mayesowa kwakonzedwa kwa maola asanu ndi limodzi ndipo kumaphatikizapo mgwirizano wosaulula kwa mphindi 2, maphunziro a mphindi 8, mayeso a maola 5 ndi mphindi 20, komanso nthawi yopuma yokonzekera mphindi 25.
4. Yang'anani ntchito yoyambira
Mainjiniya omwe ali pamlingo wolowera omwe amagwira ntchito zauinjiniyayu nthawi zambiri amagwirizana ndi gulu la mainjiniya ena ambiri kuti apange ndikumaliza ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamakontrakitala.
Palinso mabizinesi amafakitale ndi makina komwe mungapeze malo olowera. Mukamagwira ntchito imodzi yofunika kwambiri pamakina akulu kwambiri m'mabungwe akuluakulu, akatswiri opanga makina olowera nthawi zambiri amakhala apadera.
Katswiri wolowera mumakampani ang'onoang'ono, monga kuyambitsa zida zamankhwala, atha kugwirizana ndi gulu lonse popanga chinthu chatsopano nthawi imodzi. Palinso mabizinesi amafakitale ndi makina komwe mungapeze malo olowera.
Akatswiri amakina amafunidwa ndi malo ambiri ochitira misonkhano ndi kupanga kuti athandizire kupanga katundu wawo, ndipo malowa nthawi zonse amalemba antchito atsopano kuti athandizire kupanga ndi kuyesa.
5. Pezani layisensi yanu yaukatswiri
Mainjiniya amayenera kumaliza maphunziro a digiri ya zaka zinayi, kugwira ntchito kwa Professional Engineer kwa zaka zosachepera zinayi, kukhoza mayeso awiri okhwima, ndikupeza laisensi kuchokera ku bungwe lopereka ziphaso m'boma lawo asanalandire chilolezo. Akatswiri odziwa ntchito zamaukadaulo ayenera kupitilizabe ndikupititsa patsogolo maphunziro awo ndi luso lawo pantchito yawo yonse kuti asunge ziphaso zawo.
Oyembekezera PE ayenera:
- kumaliza digiri ya zaka zinayi kuchokera ku bungwe lodziwika la engineering kuti mupeze laisensi ya PE.
- tengani mayeso a Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) ndikuchipambana.
- kumaliza bwinobwino mayeso a PE (Principles and Practice of Engineering).
- kupeza zaka zinayi zaukadaulo wodalirika.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri:
Kodi maphunzirowa amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Njira zina zophunzirira maphunziro, monga kuphunzira ntchito, zilipo kwa mainjiniya amakina. Iwo ndi abwino kwa iwo amene akufuna kuphunzira ndi kupanga ndalama. Nthawi yokhazikika yofunikira kuti mupeze chiphaso mwanjira iyi ndi chaka chimodzi kapena zinayi.
Kodi mwayi wa injiniya wamakina ndi wotani?
Chifukwa chakufunika kwakukulu kwa omaliza maphunziro a uinjiniya, mainjiniya amakanika ali ndi mwayi wabwino wopeza ntchito.Mwayi wopitilira 2 miliyoni mu gawo la uinjiniya ukuyembekezeredwa.
Ndi zinthu ziti zamakina zamakina zomwe zilipo?
Kumvetsetsa mfundo zazikuluzikulu zamakanika, mphamvu, thermodynamics, sayansi yazinthu, kapangidwe, kusanthula kwamapangidwe, ndi magetsi ndikofunikira kwa mainjiniya amakina.
Kodi uinjiniya wamakina ungakhale wabwino kwa ine?
Tsogolo laukatswiri wamakina lingakhale loyenera kwa inu ngati mungayamikire kupeza mayankho ogwira mtima pazovuta komanso kusangalala ndikuwona malingaliro anu akukhala moyo.
Timalimbikitsanso:
- Ntchito 15 Zosangalatsa mu Masamu Zomwe Zidzakutsegulirani Mitseko Yatsopano
- Kusaka Ntchito: Zolosera Zantchito Kuti Mudziwe
- Mitundu 7 ya Ntchito Zopanga Zojambula Zoyenera Kuwona.
Kutsiliza:
Njira yoti mukhale mainjiniya wamakina ndiyosavuta. Muyenera kuyeserera tsiku lililonse ndikugwira ntchito molimbika ndi malingaliro otsimikiza.
Pali ma subspecialities angapo aukadaulo wamakina, kuphatikiza ma acoustics, control automatic, system and control, kuyaka, robotics, kupanga, kukonza, ndi zina.
Ndi ntchito iyi, ndikufunirani zabwino zonse poyesa kukhala mainjiniya wamakina.