Zininzi iziqinisekiso zohlalutyo lwedatha kwi-intanethi kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunzima kakhulu ukuchonga ezinye zezona zilungileyo kuzo zonke ezi ziqinisekiso zohlalutyo lwedatha.
Uhlalutyo lwedatha lelinye lamashishini akhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye afunwa kakhulu namhlanje. Ifem yophando lwentengiso iGartner iprojekthi yokuba inkcitho yeshishini kwidatha kunye nezisombululo zohlalutyo iya kufikelela kwi-189 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2022, isuka kwi-150 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2019.
Ngo-2025, imakethi yedatha enkulu yehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba ixabise i-103 yeebhiliyoni zeedola.
Imfuno ekhulayo yeengcali zesayensi yedatha ithetha ukuba abantu abaninzi kunangaphambili bathatha izifundo zohlalutyo lwedatha ye-intanethi. Njengenzuzo eyongezelelweyo, uninzi lwezi zifundo zibonelela ngesatifikethi okanye isiqinisekiso sokukunceda ukuba ugqame.
Ukuba ucinga ukuthatha i ikhosi yeziqinisekiso, sikuphathele. Siqulunqe uluhlu lwezatifiketi ezingama-20 zohlalutyo lwedatha kwi-intanethi ukukunceda ukuba uqalise. Kodwa ngaphambi koko, masiqinisekise ukuba sikwiphepha elinye.
Isiqulatho
Yintoni uHlaziyo loDatha?
Ukucutshungulwa kunye nohlalutyo lwamanani eedatha ezikhoyo zingumxholo wohlalutyo lwedatha. Abahlalutyi bagxininise ekuphuhliseni iindlela zokubamba, ukusetyenzwa, kunye nokulungelelanisa idatha ukuze kufunyanwe ulwazi olunokusetyenzwa kwimiba yangoku, kunye nokumisela eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunxibelelana ngolu lwazi.
Ngokucacileyo, idatha kunye nohlalutyo lunenkxalabo yokufumana izisombululo kwimingeni esingaqinisekanga ngayo ngeempendulo zayo. Kukwaxelwe kwangaphambili ekunikezeni iziphumo ezinokukhokelela kwizibonelelo ezikhawulezayo.
Uhlalutyo lwedatha lukwabandakanya amanye amasebe ambalwa ezibalo ezinkulu kunye nohlalutyo olunceda ekudityanisweni kwemithombo yedatha ehlukeneyo kunye nokufunyanwa koqhagamshelwano ngelixa ulula iziphumo.
Izibonelelo zoHlaziyo lweDatha
Uhlalutyo lwedatha enkulu luneenzuzo ezininzi kumashishini namhlanje.
Uhlalutyo lwedatha luyanceda ku:
- Ukwenza izigqibo ngcono,
- Yenza ulawulo lomngcipheko olusebenzayo,
- Ukuphucula amava abathengi, kunye
- Linyusa ixabiso lebhrendi.
Ngenxa yezi nzuzo, kukho imfuno ekhulayo yeengcali ezinezakhono kwicandelo lohlalutyo lwedatha.
Ezi ngcali kulindeleke ukuba zingabi nolwazi lwethiyori kuphela kodwa nolwazi olusebenzayo malunga nohlalutyo lwedatha enkulu.
Ukuqinisekisa oku, abaqeshi bafuna abaviwa abaye bafumana uqeqesho okanye izifundo zesatifikethi ezibonelela ngokutyhileka ngokubonakalayo kulo mbandela.
Ukongeza kokukwazi ukuhlalutya idatha, ezi ngcali kufuneka zikwazi ukwenza imiboniso efundisayo yaloo datha ukwenzela ukuba abasebenzisi abangengabo ubuchwepheshe banokuyiqonda nayo. Apha kulapho izixhobo ezifana neTableau zingena khona. Ezi zixhobo zikuvumela ukuba wenze iitshathi ezisebenzisanayo, iigrafu, iigrafu, kunye neetheyibhile ezibalisa ibali malunga nokusebenza kombutho wakho ngokusekelwe kwizalathi zayo eziphambili zokusebenza (KPIs).
Uhlalutyo lweDatha Versus Data Science
YeSayensi yeNkcukacha kunye noHlaziyo lweDatha zombini zijongana neDatha enkulu, kodwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Inzululwazi yeDatha ligama elibanzi elibandakanya zombini uhlalutyo lwedatha kunye nesayensi yedatha.
Izibalo, iMathematika, Ubunzululwazi bekhompyutha, iSayensi yoLwazi, ukuFunda koMatshini, kunye noBuchule boBugcisa zonke zibandakanyiwe kwiNzululwazi yeDatha.
Ukumbiwa kwedatha, ukungeniswa kwedatha, imodeli eqikelelweyo, kunye nophuhliso lwealgorithm yokufunda koomatshini zonke zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa iipatheni kwiiseti zedatha ezinkulu kwaye ziziguqule zibe zizicwangciso zoshishino ezinentsingiselo. Uhlalutyo lwedatha, kwelinye icala, luxhalabele kakhulu iNkcazo, iMathematika, kunye noHlalutyo loBalo.
Uhlalutyo lwedatha lujolise ekuvezeni ulwazi oluthile olukhutshiweyo, ngelixa iNzululwazi yeDatha igxile ekufumaneni ulungelelwaniso olubalulekileyo phakathi kwedatha enkulu.
Ukubeka ngenye indlela, i-Data Analytics yi-subset yeSayensi yeDatha egxile kwizisombululo ezicacileyo kwimiba ephakanyiswayo kwiSayensi yeDatha.
INzululwazi yeDatha ijolise ekufumaneni imiba emitsha nenomdla enokunceda amashishini avelise izinto ezintsha. Uhlalutyo lwedatha, ngakolunye uhlangothi, lujolise ekufumaneni iimpendulo kule mibuzo kunye nokugqiba ukuba zingaphunyezwa njani ngaphakathi kwenkampani ukukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha eziqhutywa yidatha.
Uluhlu lweZatifikethi zoHlalutyo lweDatha ziBalaseleyo kwi-Intanethi
Apha ngezantsi kuluhlu lwezona ziQinisekiso zibalaseleyo zoHlalutyi lweDatha kwi-Intanethi:
- ISatifikethi soBuchule boHlalutyo oluPhezulu lwe-SAS
- I-SAS eQinisekisiweyo yoLondolozo lweDatha yobuNgcali
- I-DASCA: Isazi seNzululwazi esiPhezulu
- Microsoft Certified: Azure Data Scientist Associate
- Isatifikethi sobuNgcali beNzululwazi ye-IBM
- Isatifikethi sobuNgcali seNzululwazi yeHarvardX
- I-Coursera: Ubungcali beNzululwazi yeDatha yiYunivesithi yaseJohn Hopkins
- Inkqubo ye-EdX Big Data MicroMasters
- I-Udacity Business Analytics Nanodegree
- Uhlalutyo lweDatha yeCamp kwi-Excel.
Izatifikethi ezili-10 ezingcono zohlalutyo lwedatha kwi-intanethi
1. ISatifikethi soBuchule boHlalutyo oluPhezulu lwe-SAS
Eli linqanaba eliphezulu isiqinisekiso sesayensi yedatha enikezelwa yi-SAS Academy yeSayensi yeDatha, kwaye iquka uluhlu olubanzi lwezihloko ezifana nezibalo, uhlalutyo olubonakalayo, ukuguqulwa kwezinto, iziseko zeHadoop, ukuchithwa kwedatha, kunye nokunye.
Abafundi kufuneka babe neenyanga ezintandathu ubuncinci benkqubo yamava phambi kokufaka isicelo sesatifikethi, esinezifundo ezilithoba kunye neemvavanyo ezintathu.
Ngenxa yokuba semthethweni kweqonga kunye nogutyulo olubanzi lwezihloko ezininzi zesayensi yedatha, abaninzi bajonga oku njengesona satifikethi sikhulu sesayensi yedatha.
2. I-SAS eQinisekisiweyo yoLondolozo lweDatha yobuNgcali
Ukwanelisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufunda zabathathi-nxaxheba, iSatifikethi seDatha eNkulu ye-SAS sibonelela ngoqeqesho olukhokelwa ngumhlohli kunye neendlela zokufunda ezizihambelayo ze-e-Learning.
Ngaphambi kokubhalisa, abafundi kufuneka babe nokuqonda okuqinileyo kweprogram, kubandakanywa ubuchule bokukhohlisa idatha kunye ne-SQL.
Izixhobo zolawulo lwedatha kunye neHadoop ziphakathi kwezihloko ezigutyungelweyo. Kukho iikhosi zoqeqesho ezine kunye noviwo olunye kuphela kule phakheji.
Isatifikethi sokuGcinwa kweDatha, njengezinye iziqinisekiso ze-SAS, yinkonzo esekwe kurhumo ekunika ufikelelo kwilifu unyaka wonke phambi kokuba uyihlaziye.
3. I-DASCA: Isazi seNzululwazi esiPhezulu
IBhunga leNzululwazi yeDatha yaseMelika, okanye iDASCA, ngowona mthombo ukhokelayo wezatifikethi zesayensi yedatha ezamkelwa kumazwe ngamazwe. I-SDS yayo (i-Senior Data Scientist) kunye ne-PDS (iNzululwazi yeNzululwazi yeNzululwazi) ziphakathi kwezona zibalaseleyo kwihlabathi kwiinzululwazi zedatha. Jonga ukuba wenze njani ube ngusonzululwazi wedatha onesidanga se-bachelor.
Abaviwa abavela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa nolawulo lweshishini, imali, izibalo, kunye nethekhinoloji, banokuthatha inzuzo yesiqinisekiso senzululwazi yedatha yeziko elibanzi, iinkqubo zesatifikethi ezinzulu.
4. Microsoft Certified: Azure Data Scientist Associate
Ngaba uyafuna ukuqonda indlela yokuyila kunye nokuqhuba umsebenzi wokufunda koomatshini? Isatifikethi seAzure yeNzululwazi yeNzululwazi evela kuMicrosoft sesakho.
Elona candelo lilungileyo malunga nesi satifikethi sikaMicrosoft kukuba ungasifundela simahla usebenzisa izixhobo zokufunda zikaMicrosoft, nangona kunjalo, kukho iiprimiyamu, iinketho ezikhokelwa ngumhlohli ezikhoyo. Isatifikethi sibandakanya izisombululo ze-AI, ukusetyenzwa kolwimi lwendalo, kunye nokufunda koomatshini.
5. Isatifikethi sobuNgcali beNzululwazi ye-IBM
ISatifikethi soBuchule beNzululwazi ye-IBM sesinye isiqinisekiso sedatha eluncedo kwi-intanethi. Abaviwa abanqwenela ukuqalisa imisebenzi yabo yenzululwazi yedatha yobuchwephesha banokuthathela ingqalelo inkqubo yesatifikethi sedatha yedatha yenqanaba labaqalayo.
Isatifikethi sibandakanya isingeniso kwisayensi yedatha kunye nokufunda komatshini, i-python, izixhobo ezivulekileyo, kunye ne-SQL kwikhosi yezifundo ezisithoba.
Izifundo zabo zinokugqitywa ngexesha lakho, ngelixa abaphuhlisi bezifundo bencoma ukuba uzigqibe kwiinyanga ezintathu.
6. Isatifikethi sobuNgcali seNzululwazi yeHarvardX
I-HarvardX ibonelela ngeekhosi ezahlukeneyo ze-intanethi eziyilelwe ukunceda oonjingalwazi baphucule ukufundisa nokufunda ngokusebenzisa ekhampasini nakwiimowudi ze-intanethi.
NgeSatifikethi soBuchule beNzululwazi yeHarvardX, uya kufunda iziseko zenzululwazi zedatha njenge-R kunye nokufunda koomatshini ngezifundo zelizwe lokwenyani.
Isiqinisekiso senzululwazi yedatha yeHarvardX sinika abafaki-zicelo ulwazi kunye nobuchule ababudingayo ukusombulula imingeni yohlalutyo lwedatha yokwenyani.
Izifundo ezisithoba ezenza isiqinisekiso sobuchwephesha benzululwazi yedatha zigubungela izihloko ezibandakanya ukubonwa, ukufunda ngomatshini, ukuhlehla ngomgca, ukuba nokwenzeka, ukuxabana kwedatha, nokunye.
7. I-Coursera: Ubungcali beNzululwazi yeDatha yiYunivesithi yaseJohn Hopkins
Esi satifikethi se-Coursera, esibonelelwa yiYunivesithi yaseJohn Hopkins, sifanelekile kubaqalayo abanqwenela ukufunda indlela yokwakha imveliso yedatha, benze izigqibo eziqhutywa yidatha, kunye nokufunda koomatshini.
Ngaphambi kokujoyina, abafundi kufuneka babe nolwazi olusisiseko kunye nePython.
Iikhosi zisimahla, kodwa abantu abafuna ukufumana isiqinisekiso kunokufuneka bahlawule intlawulo encinci, njengoko uninzi lwezatifikethi zeCoursera ziqala kwi-50 yeedola.
8. Inkqubo ye-EdX Big Data MicroMasters
Le khosi yinxalenye yeprogram ye-Big Data MicroMasters kwaye iya kukunceda uphucule izakhono zakho zokucwangcisa kunye nemathematika ngelixa ufunda malunga nohlalutyo lwedatha enkulu.
Kule khosi, uya kufunda ukugcina, ukuphatha, kunye nokuhlalutya idatha ukuze wenze izigqibo ezingcono zoshishino kwihlabathi lanamhlanje ledijithali.
Uya kufunda ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji efana ne-Apache Spark kunye ne-R, ezizizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokuhlalutya. Uya kuba nakho ukujongana nemingeni yesayensi yedatha enkulu ngokuyila kunye nenyathelo ekuqaleni kwesi sifundo.
9. I-Udacity Business Analytics Nanodegree
Uya kuba nolwazi olusisiseko lwezakhono ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kuyo yonke imisebenzi kunye namashishini kule nkqubo. Uya kufunda indlela yokusebenzisa i-Excel ukuhlalutya idatha kunye nokwakha iimodeli, i-SQL yokubuza i-database, kunye neTheyibhile ukwenza ukubonwa kwedatha enolwazi.
Akukho zimfuneko zale kharityhulam isisiseko.
Ubuchwephesha bucetyiswe ukuba ube nobuchule bekhompyuter kwangaphambili kwaye ukwazi ukukhuphela kunye nokufaka isoftware ukuze uphumelele.
10. Uhlalutyo lweDatha yeCamp kwi-Excel
Kwesi sifundo, uya kufunda ukusebenzisa iindlela ezimfutshane zokugcina ixesha, ukuguqula kunye nokucoca iifomati zedatha ezinje ngokubhaliweyo, amaxesha, kunye nemihla, kwaye wenze imisebenzi enengqondo emangalisayo kunye nokudityaniswa kwemiqathango ngelixa ufunda ukusebenzisa iindlela ezimfutshane zokugcina ixesha.
Uya kuba nobuchule obungaphezulu kwemisebenzi emitsha ye-Excel engama-35, kuquka i-CONCATENATE, i-VLOOKUP, kunye ne-AVERAGEIF(S), kunye nokusebenza ngedatha ye-Kickstarter yokwenyani ukuze uvavanye ukuba yintoni eyenza iprojekthi ibe yimpumelelo, ngokuziqhelanisa ngezandla.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga neSatifikethi se-Intanethi soHlalutyi lweDatha
Lithini ixabiso lesatifikethi sokuHlalutywa kweDatha?
Isatifikethi soHlahlo lweDatha sifanelekile, Ewe! ukuba ufuna umsebenzi kuhlalutyo lwedatha. Isiqinisekiso sohlalutyo lwedatha siya kukunika zonke izakhono eziyimfuneko kunye nolwazi lokufumana umsebenzi njengomhlalutyi wedatha.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba umhlalutyi wedatha asebenze ngokuzimeleyo?
I-Freelancing yenye yezona ndlela zingcono zezazinzulu zedatha namhlanje, kubo bobabini abaqalayo kunye neengcali. Njengomntu osebenzela isayensi yedatha, unokuguquguquka okuninzi malunga nokukhethwa kweprojekthi, ulawulo lwexesha kunye nokuhlawula. Ikwayindlela eyoyikisayo yabaqalayo abafuna ukufumana amava ngakumbi ngokusebenza kwiiprojekthi zehlabathi lokwenyani.
Ngaba uHlaziyo lweDatha likhondo elithembisayo lomsebenzi?
Ewe, ucazululo lwedatha lukhetho lwekhondo olukrelekrele kuba idatha ibe yinto ebalulekileyo kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yokwenza izigqibo kwishishini. Ngenxa yoko, abahlalutyi bedatha bafunwa kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yenye yezinto eziphezulu zokukhetha umsebenzi.
Ngaba kukho imfuneko yokufakwa kweekhowudi kuhlalutyo lwedatha?
Abakwenzi, ukunyaniseka. Abahlalutyi bedatha abanyanzelekanga ukuba babhale ikhowudi njengenxalenye yoxanduva lwabo lwemihla ngemihla. Imisebenzi yokuhlalutya idatha elula, efana nokuphonononga iintsingiselo zedatha ye-Google Analytics, ayidli ngokufuna ukwenza ikhowudi.
Yiyiphi indima edlalwa yiSQL kuhlalutyo lwedatha?
I-SQL 'yinyama kunye neetapile' zohlalutyo lwedatha kubantu abaninzi-esetyenziselwa ukufikelela, ukucoca, kunye nokuhlalutya idatha equlethwe kuluhlu. Kulula ukuyiqonda, kodwa isetyenziswa ngamashishini aphezulu ehlabathi ukujongana neengxaki ezinzima kakhulu.
Iingcebiso eziPhezulu
- Izikolo ezili-15 eziGqwesileyo zamazinyo eFlorida-Inqanaba leSikolo esiPhezulu
- Eyona 11 yeZikolo zezoNyango zaseFlorida-inqanaba leSikolo saseFlorida
- Ngama-30 eZikolo eziBalaseleyo ngeFilimu eMhlabeni
- IZikolo zezoNyango eziGqwesileyo ezingama-20 kwiiPhilippines-Umgangatho weSikolo
- Izikolo ezingama-20 eziBalaseleyo zoMkhosi zaMakhwenkwana-Uluhlu lweZikolo zase-US.
isiphelo
Uhlalutyo lwedatha yayiyeyona msantsa omkhulu wezakhono kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, kwaye iyaqhubeka.
Amashishini aqokelele idatha amashumi eminyaka, kodwa abaninzi abazi ukuba bangayisebenzisa njani loo datha ukwenza izigqibo ezingcono zoshishino.
Ngenxa yoko, iinkampani zikhangela abantu abanokuthi bahlalutye kwaye batolike loo datha. Amashishini afuna abantu abanokuqonda idatha kwaye bayiguqulele kwifomathi eqondakalayo yokulawula ukwenzela ukuba benze izigqibo ezingcono zoshishino. Abantu abanezi zakhono zokuhlalutya idatha banokubizwa ngokuba ngabahlalutyi bedatha okanye abahlalutyi beengqondo zeshishini (BI).
