Ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo ngeke kwenzeke ngaphandle kokulalela. Kungakhathaleki ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokuxhumana, amakhono okuxhumana okulalela adlala indima enkulu ekuxhumaneni okuphumelelayo.
Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi sichitha amaphesenti angama-80 osuku lwethu sizibandakanya kwezokuxhumana, futhi ukulalela kuthatha u-45% wesikhathi esichithwa ekuxhumaneni.
Naphezu kokubaluleka kwayo, abantu abaningi bachemile endimeni yamakhono okuxhumana okulalela. Ukuthuthukisa amakhono amahle okulalela kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi empilweni yakho yomuntu siqu kanye neyomsebenzi.
Ukulalela nakho kune eziningi izinzuzo zezempilo okuwukunciphisa ukucindezeleka, ukuncipha kokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka, ukuthuthukiswa kwenkumbulo, nokunye okuningi.
Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda incazelo yamakhono okuxhumana okulalela, izinhlobo zokulalela, ukubaluleka kokulalela ekukhulumeni, kanye nendlela yokuthuthukisa amakhono akho okulalela.
Okuqukethwe
Ayini Amakhono Okuxhumana Okulalela?
Amakhono okuxhumana okulalela yikhono lokwamukela ngokunembile, ukuqonda, nokuhumusha ulwazi noma umlayezo odluliselwe kuwena.
Idlala indima ebalulekile ekuxhumaneni okuphumelelayo.
Ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo angeke kwenzeke ngaphandle uma umlayezo noma ulwazi luzwakala (lwemukelwe) futhi luhunyushwe ngokunembile.
Ukulalela akufani nokuzwa. Ukuzwa kuyinqubo yokuzwa umsindo, kuyilapho ukulalela kuyisenzo sokusebenza ngenhloso ukuze uqonde imisindo (imiyalezo) eyamukelwe.
Abantu abanamakhono okulalela aphumelelayo ngokuvamile banezimfanelo ezilandelayo:
- Lalela ngaphandle kokuphazamisa isikhulumi
- Buza imibuzo lapho kufaneleka
- Sekela isikhulumi ngamagama avumayo
- Gcina iso
- Ungasheshi ufinyelele esiphethweni
- Gwema iziphazamiso lapho ulalele isikhulumi
- Naka izimpawu ezingasho lutho njengokunyakaza komzimba nokuma, ukuthinta, isimo sobuso njll
Izinhlobo Zokulalela Okuphumelelayo
Ukulalela kungaba ngezindlela ezahlukene. Izimo ezihlukene zidinga izinhlobo ezahlukene zokulalela, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi izinhlobo ezahlukene zokulalela kanye nesikhathi sokuzisebenzisa.
Ngezansi izinhlobo zokulalela ngempumelelo:
- Ukulalela okubandlululayo
- Ukulalela okuphelele
- Ukulalela ulwazi
- Ukulalela okubalulekile
- Ukulalela kokwelapha.
1. Ukulalela okubandlululayo
Ukulalela okubandlululayo kuwuhlobo lokuqala lwekhono lokulalela, elathuthukiswa esemncane kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lokulalela lubandakanya ukukhonjwa kwezimpawu ezingasho lutho njengephimbo lezwi ukuze uthole ukuthi isikhulumi sithini.
Ngokwesibonelo, indoda yaseMelika ekhuluma nendoda yaseJalimane iyogxila esimeni somzimba wendoda esikhundleni sokulalela lokho ekushoyo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lo mlisa waseMelika akasiqondi isiJalimane.
2. Ukulalela okuphelele
Ukulalela okuphelele kuphambene nokulalela okubandlululayo. Kubandakanya ukulalela imiyalezo yomlomo yesikhulumi nokwenza ukuhlaziya okusekelwe kulokho okushiwo yisikhulumi.
Ukulalela okuphelele kudinga amakhono afanele olimi okungukuthi kufanele uqonde ulimi lwesikhulumi.
Ngokwesibonelo, uma indoda yaseMelika nenye indoda yaseMelika behlanganyela engxoxweni, bobabili bazolalela imilayezo yomlomo esikhundleni sokunaka izimpawu ezingasho lutho.
3. Ukulalela okunolwazi
Ukulalela okunolwazi kuhlanganisa ukulalela ukuze ufunde okuthile. Lolu hlobo lokulalela luvamile ezikoleni nasezindaweni zokusebenza.
Ukulalela okunolwazi kudinga izinga eliphezulu lokugxilisa ingqondo. Udinga ukulalelisisa ngokugcwele ukuze ufunde ulwazi olusha.
Izibonelo zokulalela okunolwazi zihlanganisa lapho ulalela okokufundisa ngokudla, ukubuka idokhumentari, ukufunda okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi okufundisayo njll.
4. Ukulalela okubalulekile
Ukulalela okubalulekile kuhilela ukuhlaziya ulwazi olutholwe kusikhulumi bese uluhlobanisa nalokho osukwazi kakade.
Kubandakanya izinqubo ezintathu:
- Ukwamukela umlayezo odluliselwe kuwena
- Ukuyiqhathanisa nolwazi osuvele unalo ngesihloko
- Ukudala ukuhlaziya kwakho ngokusekelwe kulokho okwaziyo.
Ukulalela okubalulekile kungakusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi umyalezo noma isikhulumi sithembekile.
5. Ukulalela kokwelapha
Ukulalela ngendlela yokwelapha kuhilela ukuzama ukuqonda imizwa nemizwelo yesikhulumi. Kudinga ukuba uzibeke ezicathulweni zesikhulumi futhi uqonde imizwa yakhe.
Imisebenzi efana nabeluleki, abelaphi njll isebenzisa ukulalela kokwelapha ukuze baqonde amaklayenti abo.
Ukulalela kokwelapha akusebenzi nje kuphela ezilungiselelweni zochwepheshe, ungasebenzisa futhi ukulalela kokwelapha lapho ulalela umngane onenkinga, umndeni, noma osebenza naye.
Izinhlobo Zokulalela Okungaphumeleli
Kufanele ugweme izinhlobo ezingasebenzi zokulalela ukuze uxhumane ngempumelelo. Ngezansi izinhlobo zokulalela okungenampumelelo:
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Ukulalela okukhethekile
Ukulalela okukhethayo kwenzeka uma ulalela kuphela izici ezithile zalokho esikushoyo isikhulumi. Lolu hlobo lokulalela lungaholela ekungaqondini.
Esikhundleni sokulalela umlayezo wesikhulumi, abalaleli abakhethayo banaka kuphela izingxenye abacabanga ukuthi zibaluleke kakhulu.
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Ukulalela kancane
Ukulalela kancane yilapho unenhloso yokulalela isikhulumi kodwa uyaphazamiseka. Iziphazamiso ezinjengomsindo zingakuvimbela ukuthi usizwe isikhulumi ngokuphelele.
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Ukulalela okungamanga
Ukulalela amanga kuhlanganisa ukuzenza sengathi ulalele othile kodwa ungayikhiphi imilayezo edluliswayo.
Laba balaleli bangase babonise ukuthi bayaqonda ngokusebenzisa izimpawu ezingasho lutho njengokuvuma ngekhanda, ukumamatheka njll lapho becabanga ukuthi kufanelekile.
Ukubaluleka Kokulalela Ekuxhumaneni
Amakhono okulalela aphakathi kwamakhono abalulekile adingekayo ekukhulumisaneni ngempumelelo.
Ukulalela okuphumelelayo kuyadingeka ekuxhumaneni ngoba kunezinzuzo eziningi, okulandelayo ezinye zezinzuzo zokulalela ekukhulumisaneni:
1. Yehlisa ukungezwani
Amakhono amahle okulalela angasiza ukuthuthukisa indlela oqonda ngayo ulwazi oludluliswa nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuxhumana.
Ukungaqondi kahle kuvame ukuvela uma unekhono lokulalela eliphansi. Kulula kakhulu ukuchaza ngokungeyikho imininingwane uma ungasilaleli isikhulumi.
2. Ikhuthaza uzwela
Ukulalela kungakusiza ukuba uqonde imizwa nemizwelo yomunye umuntu. Ukuzibeka endaweni yesikhulumi kungakusiza uqonde indlela yokunikeza isixazululo.
Isibonelo, uma abafundi bekuchazela ukuthi abeneme ngamamaki abo, ngeke ukwazi ukusiza uze uqonde ukuthi kuzwakala kanjani.
3. Kwakha ubuhlobo
Amakhono okulalela aphumelelayo ayakwazi ukwakha nokugcina ubudlelwano kuwo womabili amazinga omuntu siqu nawomsebenzi.
Izilaleli ezinhle zingakha kalula ubudlelwano ngoba abantu bazizwa bekhululekile uma benabo.
4. Kwenza ukhiqize kakhudlwana
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusezingeni lochwepheshe noma lomuntu siqu, amakhono okulalela angathuthukisa ukukhiqiza. Izilaleli ezinhle ziyakwazi ukugcina ulwazi olubalulekile nokusebenzisa lolu lwazi lapho kufaneleka, futhi ngenxa yalokho, bathuthukise ukukhiqiza.
Isibonelo, umfundi olalela ngentshiseko phakathi nezifundo futhi alandele yonke imiyalelo edingekayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza uzokwenza kangcono kunabafundi abangayilaleli.
5. Inikeza Impendulo
Izilaleli ezinhle ziyakwazi ukunikeza impendulo ngoba zilalelisisa isikhulumi.
Ukuze unikeze impendulo, kufanele ube nokuqonda okucacile kwezihloko okuxoxiwe ngakho, okungafezwa kuphela ngokulalela ngenkuthalo.
Indlela Yokuthuthukisa Amakhono Okulalela
Ukuba isilaleli esihle kungase kuzenzekele futhi kungathuthukiswa. Njengawo wonke amanye amakhono, amakhono okulalela angafundwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nangomzamo.
Ngezansi amanye amathiphu ongase uwalandele ukuze uthuthukise amakhono akho okulalela:
- Gcina iso
- Zama ukwenza ngeso lengqondo lokho okushiwo isikhulumi
- Gwema ukuphazamisa
- Naka izimpawu ezingasho lutho
- Buza imibuzo ecacisa
- Nciphisa izahlulelo
- Practice.
1. Gcina ubheke emehlweni
Lapho othile ekhuluma nawe mnikeze ukunakwa kwakho okuphelele, bheka umuntu futhi umbheke emehlweni.
Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi unesithakazelo kulokho abakushoyo futhi kubakhuthaza ukuba baqhubeke bekhuluma.
2. Zama ukwenza ngeso lengqondo lokho okushiwo isikhulumi
Naka imiyalezo yesikhulumi bese uzama ukubona ngeso lengqondo lokho isikhulumi esikushoyo engqondweni yakho.
Ukuba nezithombe ezibonakalayo zemilayezo yesipika kungakusiza ukuthi ugcine ulwazi.
3. Gwema ukuphazamisa
Ukuphazamisa lapho othile esakhuluma kungathumela izimpawu ezingalungile kusipika. Kungase kusikisele ukuthi unezindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzixoxe noma awunandaba nemiyalezo yazo.
Esikhundleni sokuphazamisa isikhulumi, linda ume kancane noma baze baqede lokho abakushoyo. Kungcono ukubuza imibuzo noma ukunikeza ukusikisela lapho isikhulumi singasakhulumi.
4. Naka izimpawu ezingasho lutho
Izimpawu ezingasho lutho ezifana nokunyakaza komzimba, ukuthinta, isimo sobuso njll ziyakwazi ukuthumela ulwazi ngaphandle kokuncika emazwini akhulunyiwe.
Izikhathi eziningi, sixhumana nezimpawu ezingasho lutho ngokungazi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukulalela (ukunaka) izimpawu zakho ezingasho lutho kanye nezesikhulumi.
Ulimi lomzimba njengokuphambana izingalo, ukugwema ukubheka emehlweni, ukuhlehla njalonjalo kubonisa ukuntula isithakazelo. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi ugwema lezo zimo zomzimba.
5. Buza imibuzo ecacisayo
Imibuzo ecacisayo yimibuzo esetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ulwazi oluhlinzekwe yisikhulumi. Abalaleli bangabuza imibuzo ecacisayo ngomzamo wokuvimbela noma yikuphi ukungaqondi.
Kufanele ubuze kuphela imibuzo ehambisana nolwazi olunikezwe yisikhulumi. Ungaphazamisi isikhulumi ngemibuzo linda kuze kube yilapho isikhulumi siqeda ukukhuluma.
6. Nciphisa izahlulelo
Izilaleli ezinhle zilalela isikhulumi ngaphandle kokugxeka. Gwema ukwenza izahlulelo ngesikhulumi engqondweni yakho. Lesi senzo singaholela ekungaqondini.
Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ulalele ngomqondo ovulekile ukuze uthole ukuqonda okucacile kwemiyalezo yesikhulumi.
I-7. Hlanganisa
Ukuzijwayeza njalo kungakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise futhi ufunde noma yiliphi ikhono. Ungazijwayeza ukulalela ngokuqaphela okwenzayo lapho othile ekhuluma nawe.
Futhi, ungalalela ama-audiobooks noma ama-podcasts, alungele ukuthuthukisa amakhono akho okulalela.
Siphakamisa futhi:
- Okuphezulu Okuyi-10 Okubalulekile Kokubhala Indatshana
- Amakhono Okuxhumana Okubhaliwe: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele
- Amakhono Okuxhumana Ngezwi: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele
- Okuphezulu Okuyi-10 Okubalulekile Kwamakhono Okubhala
- Ishadi Lesikolo Se-GMAT: Konke Okufanele Ukwazi &Amathiphu Okusebenzisa Alula
Isiphetho
Njengomfundi, kuyancomeka ukuthuthukisa amakhono okulalela ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo. Abafundi abalalela ekilasini bazothola ukuqonda okucacile kokuqukethwe okuxoxwe ngakho, futhi ngenxa yalokho, babe nokusebenza okungcono kwezemfundo.
Ngaphandle kokwenza kangcono kwezemfundo, amakhono okulalela abalulekile kuzo zonke izici zempilo yakho. Ngaphandle kwamakhono okulalela, ungase ungakwazi ukuxhumana ngokuphumelelayo.
Manje sesifike ekugcineni kwalesi sihloko, Ingabe uthole lesi sihloko siwusizo? Sazise imicabango yakho esigabeni samazwana esingezansi.
