Sawubona Zifundiswa!! kulesi sihloko, sizobe sixoxa ngokubaluleka kwemfundo ephakeme. Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi ngesinye isikhathi empilweni yakho, mhlawumbe ngemva kokufunda esikoleni esiphakeme, uke wabuza omunye wale mibuzo; ibaluleke ngani imfundo ephakeme? kungani ngidinga ukuya ekolishi? Ingabe izindleko zikufanele?
Imfundo ephakeme iyabiza, futhi ezinye zezinhlelo zosizo lwezezimali ezikhona ziyaqhubeka nokudonsela abafundi ekujuleni nasekungeneni ezikweletini. Siyaphoqeleka ukuthi siyihlole kabusha imfundo ephakeme.
Ingabe imfundo ephakeme inenzuzo?
Ngokuvumelana ne bls.gov, entsheni eyizigidi ezingu-2.7 eneminyaka engu-16 kuya kwengu-24 eyaphothula esikoleni esiphakeme phakathi kukaJanuwari no-Okthoba 2021, izigidi ezingu-1.7 zabhaliswa ekolishi ngo-Okthoba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi intsha ebalelwa esigidini ngesizathu esisodwa noma umyalelo, ayizange isibone isidingo sokuqhubeka nemfundo yayo.
Izibalo ezingenhla nokunye kuyisizathu esenza sinqume ukuhlanganisa lesi sihloko.
Okuqukethwe
Iyini Imfundo Ephakeme?
Imfundo ephakeme iyimfundo enikezwa amanyuvesi, amakolishi, nezinye izikhungo zemfundo.
Kuqukethe womabili amazinga e-undergraduate (ekolishi) kanye neziqu (noma i-postgraduate).
Imfundo ephakeme ihlanganisa iningi lemfundo yobungcweti futhi igxile kakhulu emsebenzini.
Ihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zemfundo yangemva kwesecondary (emva kwesikole samabanga aphezulu), njengemfundo yemisebenzi yezandla.
Uyayidinga Imfundo Ephakeme?
Imithombo eminingi siye sabheka isimangalo sokuthi imfundo ephakeme inikeza abathweswe iziqu izinketho zemisebenzi eminingi kunaleyo etholakala kubantu abangaqhubeki nemfundo yabo ngaphezu kwesikole samabanga aphakeme, futhi abaphothule ngokuvamile benza imali eningi kunabangaphothulanga.
Umuntu othweswe iziqu ekolishi wenza, ngokwesilinganiso, u-$54,704 ngonyaka, ngokusho kwe-US Census Bureau, engaphezulu kakhulu kuka-$30,056 ngonyaka owenziwa ngumuntu onediploma yesikole samabanga aphezulu noma u-$22,100 ngonyaka otholwa umfundi oyeke esikoleni esiphakeme.
Uma unediploma yesikole samabanga aphezulu ofuna ukuthuthukisa iholo lakho, bheka isihloko sethu imisebenzi ekhokha kakhulu engenaziqu noma isipiliyoni.
Izinga lempilo yomuntu lithuthukiswa yimfundo ephakeme. Abafundi abaphothule ekolishi baphila isikhathi eside, bathola ukufinyelela okungcono ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, ukudla okunomsoco kanye nezinqubo zezempilo, ukuzinza nokuphepha kwezomnotho okuphakeme, ukuqashwa okuhlonishwayo nokwaneliseka okukhulu ngomsebenzi, ukuncika ekuthembeleni osizweni lukahulumeni, ukuqonda okwengeziwe ngohulumeni, usizo lomphakathi oluqinile nobuholi, umsebenzi wokuzithandela owengeziwe, ukuzethemba okwengeziwe, kanye nezenzo zobugebengu ezincane nokuboshwa kunabaphothule esikoleni esiphakeme.
Imfundo ephakeme iyophinde isize abantu bandise ulwazi namakhono abo, badlulisele imibono yabo ngokucacile ngomlomo nangokubhala, baqonde imibono engaqondakali kanye nethiyori, futhi bazi kabanzi ngendawo ebazungezile kanye nabantu ababazungezile.
20 Ukubaluleka Kwemfundo Ephakeme
Ngezansi ukubaluleka kweMfundo Ephakeme kuchazwe ngemininingwane ethile:
#1. Ukunyuka kweholo kanye nokuqashwa
Iholo eliphezulu namazinga okuqashwa maningi amathuba okuthi labo abaneziqu zasekolishi.
Abantu abaneziqu ze-bachelor noma ngaphezulu bahola ngaphezu kwesisebenzi esivamile, esenza u-$900 ngesonto (kuhlanganise nalabo abanediploma yesikole samabanga aphezulu kanye nemfundo encane), futhi izinga labo lokungasebenzi lingama-3.6% kuphela.
Ngokusho kwe-US Census Bureau, umuntu oneziqu zasekolishi wenza, ngokwesilinganiso, ama- $ 54,704 ngonyaka, okungaphezulu kakhulu kwama- $ 30,056 noma ama- $ 22,100 ngonyaka atholwa ngumuntu onediploma yesikole samabanga aphezulu noma oyeke esikoleni esiphakeme.
Kungani ungahloli isihloko sethu ku imisebenzi ekhokha kakhulu kumandla emhlabeni jikelele.
#2. Ubungcweti nokuzilungiselela umsebenzi
Le nzuzo ibalulekile kubantu abangenaso isiqiniseko somsebenzi abafuna ukuwusebenza kuyo yonke imisebenzi yabo.
Ukufuna ukuthi abafundi abasanda kuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme bazi ukuthi bafuna ukukwenza ukuphila kwabo konke akunangqondo.
Inhloso yemfundo ephakeme ukugxilisa izintshisekelo zabafundi, ukupholisha amakhono abo amanje, nokubalungiselela imakethe yezemisebenzi ngemva kokuphothula iziqu.
#3. Ukunciphisa ubuphofu
Imfundo enganele ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengembangela enkulu yobumpofu emphakathini.
Ngenxa yokuba khona kwabantu abanamakhono akhethekile abangase babe neqhaza emabhizinisini ahlukahlukene, ukwanda kwenani labantu abafundile ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa nokuchuma kwezomnotho okuvamile kwesizwe.
Njengoba uneziqu esandleni, umfundi uyakwazi kangcono ukubona isithombe esibanzi sezinkinga umndeni wakhe owake wabhekana nazo, okubavumela ukuba benze izinguquko endleleni abakhuliswa ngayo izingane zabo.
#4. Ikhuthaza ubuzwe obuhle futhi yehlisa ubugebengu
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kuze kufike ku-68% weziboshwa azizange ziqede isikole samabanga aphezulu.
Zonke izikhungo zemfundo zilwela ukwakha izakhamuzi eziziphethe kahle, ezithobela umthetho ezilungile neziwusizo.
Abantu abafunde kakhulu bakhokha kakhulu izintela, umshwalense wezenhlalakahle, kanye nomshwalense wezempilo, okwandisa inani lezinsiza izwe elingazaba kabusha ngokwezidingo ezicindezela kakhulu (okusho ukuthi amathuba aphansi okuqothuka kanye nokungabi nakhaya).
Ngokwemininingwane yalabo abasenkingeni yomthetho, labo abananoma yiliphi izinga lemfundo banamathuba aphindwe ka-5 okuphelela ejele noma ejele.
#5. Ukuxhumana nokuxhumana
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zemfundo ephakeme kungaba ukuhlalisana kwabantu.
Ikakhulukazi, abafundi bavame ukuthola ikhono lokuxhumana nabantu bamasiko ahlukene.
Abafundi bavame ukuthuthukisa imibono emisha ngokwabelana ngemibono yabo, okungase kuholele ekusungulweni kwezinto ezintsha noma ekwakhiweni komphakathi omkhulu wabantu abanomqondo ofanayo.
Kanye nokuphambana kwemibono, kukhona futhi ukushintshana kwezimiso zamasiko, okuyinsiza eyigugu yawo wonke umuntu.
#6. Usebenza kahle kakhulu
Uma kukhulunywa ngokubeka phansi izibopho zabo, abafundi abanazo izinketho eziningi. Abafundi bavele bafunde ukuthi bangasilungisa kanjani isikhathi esihleliwe ukuze sihambisane nezinhlelo zabo ngenxa yezikhathi eziwumnqamulajuqu eziqine kakhulu.
#7. Ukuthuthukisa amakhono okuxhumana
Abafundi bavame ukudingeka ukuthi basebenze ngamaqembu, babambe iqhaza ezingxoxweni zamaqembu, futhi bethule imibono yabo phambi kontanga yabo phakathi nezifundo zabo, okwenza kube lula ukuthi ekugcineni badlulisele ulwazi lwabo nolwazi kwabanye.
#8. Ukuthuthukiswa kokucabanga okubalulekile
Umgomo wanoma yisiphi isikhungo semfundo ephakeme kufanele kube ukukhiqiza abantu abaningi abangakwazi ukucabanga ngokujulile.
Ukuphikisana nokuxoxisana ngemibono nozakwenu kuvame ukuba yisu lokuqala elifikayo emqondweni uma kukhulunywa ngokucabangisisa, futhi akungabazeki ukuthi liwusizo.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuba abafundi bathole ukucabanga okujulile, nokho, ngokubhala izabelo lapho becelwa ukuba bethule izinkolelo zabo, ezivame ukungaguquki ngokunengqondo.
Ngale nqubo, umfundi uthuthukisa ikhono lakhe lokubona amaphutha ekucabangeni kwakhe futhi ahlaziye kabusha izinkolelo zakhe, asuke ekucabangeni okuyinkimbinkimbi futhi okungenangqondo ngezikhathi ezithile.
#9. Ukuthuthukisa amakhono amasha
Abafundi bavame ukukholelwa ukuthi bafunde wonke amakhono adingekayo esikoleni esiphakeme nokuthi okuwukuphela kwendlela abakhetha ngayo ukufunda okwengeziwe ngesifundo abakhethe ukusilandela.
Ukuzijwayeza, nokho, kukhombisile ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi abafundi bavame ukuhlangana nezinhlobonhlobo zezihloko nezinto, bathola ama-horizons abo anwebeka ngokuya ngezinketho ezintsha nezindlela, okuvame ukuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwamakhono amasha.
#10. Ithuthukisa ukuzethemba kwakho nokuzethemba kwakho
Iziqu zasekolishi zivame ukubonwa njengokufezwa okukhulu ngabafundi abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abaphuma emindenini ehola kancane noma abangabokuqala emindenini yabo ukuphishekela imfundo ephakeme.
Abafundi bathola umuzwa wokuzazi kanye nesithunzi okungekho muntu ongabaphuca sona ngesenzo esilula sokuthola idiploma, kanye nolwazi olutholakala ekolishi.
#11. Ukwandisa ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwesiyalo
Noma ubani ophothule izifundo zakhe ngempumelelo ngebanga eliphakathi elidingekayo kumele ngabe wayekwazi ukuziphendulela kwakhe.
Abafundi kumele bakwazi ukubeka phambili izibopho zabo futhi baphathe isikhathi sabo kahle ukuze bafeze izinhloso zabo. Lokhu kudinga isiyalo, ekugcineni esiholela esiphethweni osifunayo.
#12. Impilo eyaneliswe kakhudlwana futhi enempilo
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuthola iziqu zezemfundo kuphakamisa izimo zenhlalakahle yomuntu iyonke.
Amanye amaqiniso abalulekile ngabantu abanezinga elikhudlwana lemfundo yilawa: Banamathuba amancane okuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo, baphila iminyaka efinyelela kweyisi-7 kunabantu abangakaze baye ekolishi, banengcindezi encane ehlobene nomsebenzi, futhi amazinga aphansi okucindezeleka jikelele ngenxa yamakhono amakhulu okuxhumana nabantu, futhi banengozi encane yokuthola isifo sengqondo.
#13. Ukuqaphela imvelo
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu sekungenye yezinkinga ezicindezela kakhulu izwe ngalinye elibhekene nalo kule minyaka eyishumi edlule.
Ngokocwaningo, labo abaneziqu zemfundo baqaphela kakhulu futhi banolwazi ngokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Lolu lwazi lungase lusetshenziswe kalula ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwezinqubo zokusimama nemithetho ezinkampanini ezisebenza kuzo, kanye nasemphakathini wonkana.
#14. Ukulingana Nokunika Amandla
Abesifazane nabesilisa abavela ezinhlangeni nasezinhlangeni ababekezelele ukucwaswa iminyaka eminingi emphakathini banikwa amandla yimfundo ephakeme.
Ukuthola iziqu zasekolishi kwehlisa izinga lodlame olubhekiswe kwabesifazane kanye nokucwaswa ngokobulili.
Lokhu kuyinzuzo ebalulekile kwabesifazane njengoba kubanikeza inkululeko yokuzimela futhi balawule izimpilo zabo.
#15. Ukukhuthazwa Kocwaningo Nobuchwepheshe
Ukuqamba kanye nobuchwepheshe kuqhutshwa imfundo ephakeme.
Ukuthola izixazululo zezinkinga ezinkulu nokwenza ucwaningo ezindaweni ezibalulekile emhlabeni wonke, okunikela emiphumeleni yomphakathi efana nezempilo nokubamba iqhaza komphakathi, kungomunye wemisebenzi yamanyuvesi anamuhla.
Ngokuvamile ihlose ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obukhiqiza izinto ezintsha futhi inikeze abasebenzisi ubuchwepheshe obuphambili.
#16. Ukuhlinzekwa kolwazi oluyisipesheli oludingekayo ebhizinisini nasezimbonini
Izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme ziqinisekisa ukubaluleka kolwazi lomfundi, zikhomba izikhala zamakhono, ziklame izifundo eziyisipesheli, futhi zithuthukise amakhono afanele angasiza amazwe ekuthuthukiseni ukuhlalisana kwawo kanye nokuchuma kwezomnotho kwezamabhizinisi nezimboni.
#17. Ihlinzeka ngemakethe yezabasebenzi ehlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe yemisebenzi
Imakethe yemisebenzi ibe noshintsho olukhulu nokwanda esikhathini esidlule. Umkhakha wobuhlakani bokwenziwa ubhekene nalokhu kunwetshwa kwezibalo.
Abantu abanolwazi nabanekhono kule ndawo bayadingeka ezikhundleni zochwepheshe bezobunhloli bokwenziwa.
Kokubili imisebenzi kanye nezidingo zemfundo ziyashintsha. Eminyakeni ezayo, kuzoba nesidingo esikhulu sabafundi abanokuqonda okujulile kobuhlakani bokwenziwa nezindlela zokufunda ngomshini.
Ngakho-ke ukutshalwa kwezimali emfundweni ephakeme kubalulekile ukuze uthole amakhono adingekayo.
#18. Imfundo Yomhlaba Wonke
Ukufundela phesheya kungenye yezinzuzo ezisobala kakhulu zemfundo ephakeme.
Ukwanda kwesipiliyoni semfundo yomhlaba wonke, ukuzimela, ukukhuluma kahle kolimi, kanye nohambo lokufunda lwamasiko ahlukahlukene olunezela imfundo yasekilasini ezinye zezinzuzo zemfundo yamazwe ngamazwe.
Uma ungathanda ukuphishekela imfundo ephakeme phesheya, bheka isihloko sethu emazweni ayi-10 angcono kakhulu ongafunda phesheya.
#19. Abahlanganyeli Bomphakathi Abakhuthele
Abathweswe iziqu ekolishi banamathuba amaningi okuba amalungu asebenzayo omphakathi wabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziqu zihlinzeka ngolwazi ngezifundo ezingaphandle kwezifundo ezinkulu zomfundi. Izihloko eziyinkimbinkimbi kwezamabhizinisi, ezombusazwe, ezemvelo, nezemfundo ephakeme ziyahlolwa.
Abafundi bafunda ukuhlola izinselele zamanje ngokubuka kwezinhlaka ezahlukene lapho befundelwa ukufunda izihloko ezihlukene, kuzo zonke izimboni nemikhakha eminingi. Abaphothule imfundo ephakeme banikezwa amakhono adingekayo ukuze babe abavoti abanolwazi oluthe xaxa kanye nezakhamuzi ezikhuthele zemiphakathi yabo.
#20. Amathuba Okufunda Okugxilile + Okuhlangenwe nakho
Amanyuvesi namakolishi namuhla anikela isikhathi esiningi nezinsiza ekuhlinzekeni abafundi ngamathuba okufunda agxilile futhi asebenzisanayo.
Ikusasa lisezandleni zakho! Ukufunda okugxilile nokuhlangenwe nakho kubeka abafundi kuzilungiselelo zomhlaba wangempela njengemisebenzi, izibhedlela, nama-internship njengoba kuboniswe ukuthi abafundi bafunda kangcono kakhulu uma benolwazi lwangaphandle ukuze bangezelele imfundo yasekilasini.
Abafundi bangasebenzisa amathiyori abawafunda ekilasini kulezi zilungiselelo zobungcweti.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Ngokubaluleka Kwemfundo Ephakeme
Ingakanani inzuzo yemfundo ephakeme?
Imfundo Ephakeme inezinzuzo eziningi. Enye inzuzo enkulu ukwanda kweholo kanye nokuqashwa. Ukuba nemfundo ethile ye-postsecondary, noma ngaphandle kokuhola iziqu, Abantu abaneziqu ze-bachelor noma ngaphezulu bahola imali engaphezu kwesisebenzi esivamile, esenza u-$900 ngesonto (kuhlanganise nalabo abanediploma yesikole samabanga aphezulu kanye nemfundo encane), futhi izinga labo lokungasebenzi limane 3.6%.
Kungani imfundo ephakeme ibalulekile ezweni elisathuthuka?
Ayinikezi kuphela amakhono adingekayo athuthukile kuyo yonke imakethe yemisebenzi, kodwa futhi nemfundo edingekayo kothisha, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha, abasebenzi abahlengikazi, abasebenzi bakahulumeni, onjiniyela, abantu, abanikazi bamabhizinisi, ososayensi, ososayensi bezenhlalakahle, nabanye ochwepheshe abahlukahlukene.
Ingabe imfundo yezandla iwuhlobo lwemfundo ephakeme?
Ukuqeqeshwa kwemisebenzi yezandla akufanelekile njengemfundo ephakeme. Nakuba kuwuhlobo lwemfundo yamabanga aphansi noma ephansi, ukuqeqeshwa kwemisebenzi yezandla kubonakala njengokungezona ezezemfundo uma kuqhathaniswa nemfundo ephakeme.
Ibaluleke kangakanani idigri emnothweni wanamuhla?
Umzila oyinhloko oya emandleni omnotho yiziqu ze-bachelor's (BA), ngokusho kweGeorgetown Center for Education and the Workforce. Ngenxa yokwanda kwesidingo sabasebenzi abaneziqu okungenani zeminyaka emine yasekolishi, iBA manje yenza ama-56% ayo yonke imisebenzi emihle.
Izincomo
- Imaphi amakilasi okufanele ngiwathathe ukuze ngithole Iziqu Zemfundo Yezingane Zasezincane
- I-15 Amanyuvesi Ashibhe Kakhulu e-Lithuania ongawathanda
- I-10 Amanyuvesi Ashibhe Kakhulu eDenmark Ongawathanda
- 20 Izifundo Zesayensi Yekhompyutha Yabesifazane.
Isiphetho Semihlomulo Yemfundo Ephakeme
Imfundo ephakeme iyakwazi ukukhulisa isimilo nesimilo sabafundi. Kukhulisa ithemba labafundi futhi kwenyuse ukuzinikela.
Bakhuthazwa ukuba bathuthukise ulwazi lwabo ngaphandle kwemingcele ngenxa yalokho. Yingakho wonke umuntu kufanele alwele ukuthola imfundo ephakeme.
Kunenqwaba yemifundaze exhaswa ngokugcwele etholakala kubo bonke abafundi ukubasiza ngezimali imfundo yabo ephakeme futhi bafeze amaphupho abo.
Uma unentshisekelo kulezi zinsiza zezimali, bheka isihloko sethu esithi Izifundo ezingama-20 ezixhaswe ngokugcwele ze-undergraduate ukusiza abafundi.